应用颅内高压复制脑死亡动物模型  

ESTABLISHMENT OF ANIMAL MODEL OF BRAIN DEATH BY INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION

作　　者：谷振勇[1] 李如波[2] 姜景涛[2] 杜建芳 李德祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学基础医学院法医学教研室,石家庄050017 [2]中国医科大学法医病理学教研室

出　　处：《河北医科大学学报》1999年第6期341-343,共3页Journal of Hebei Medical University

摘　　要：目的 建立颅内高压致脑死亡动物模型。方法 向颅内硬脑膜外隐囊内灌注３ ～４ ｍｌ 生理盐水后，描记颅内压（ｉｎｔｒａｃｒａｎｉａｌ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ ，ＩＣＰ） 、平均动脉血压（ ｍｅａｎ ａｒｔｅｒｙ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ ，ＭＡＰ） 、脑干听觉诱发电位（ｂｒａｉｎ ｓｔｅｍａｕｄｉｔｏｒｙ ｅｎｖｏｋｅｄ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ，ＢＡＥＰ） 、脑电、心电变化和呼吸波形，观察瞳孔大小、对光反射、角膜反射和眼底血流以及脑大体病理变化。结果 在颅内高压下 ， 动物的主要改变有：ＩＣＰ 一直高于 ＭＡＰ； 大脑电沉默；ＢＡＥＰ 波幅降低，潜伏期后延，并迅速消失；心率短暂加快，Ｓ－ Ｔ 段压低，ＱＲＳ 波增宽，偶发室性早搏，心跳变慢、呈停止趋势。静脉滴注适量去甲肾上腺素可维持心跳和血压；自主呼吸骤停，继而呈吸气性呼吸困难，呼吸迅速消失，呼吸暂停试验确证自主呼吸不可逆停止。结论 颅内高压性脑死亡模型较好的模拟了法医实践中原发性脑死亡状况。ObjectiveTo establish animal model of brain death due to intracranial hypertension(ICH).MethodsAfter extradural balloon was filled with normal saline (3-4 ml),alterations of intracranial pressure(ICP),mean artery pressure(MAP),brain-stem auditory evoked potential(BAEP),cerebral and cardiac electricity and respiration were recorded with observation of pupil changes, corneal reflexes,blood flow in ocular fungus and gross changes of brain.ResultsUnder ICH,major brain changes of animal were as follows.ICP was over MAP all the time.There were electrocerebral silence,lower amplitude and deferred latency of BAEP.BAEP disappeared in one or two minutes.ECG showed heart beating quicker transiently,lowered S T segment,widened QRS and occasional ventricular premature beating,and then heart beating had tendency to stop.Intravenous infusion of appropriate norepinephrine could maintain heart beating and MAP.Respiration abruptly discontinued and followed with inspiratory apnea and then irreversible stop.ConclusionThe animal model of brain death by ICH imitates ideally conditions of primary brain death in forensic medical practice.It provides some clues for brain death as individual death.

关 键 词：脑死亡 诊断 颅内压 动物模型 生理学 

分 类 号：R743.2[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]