种群密度、温度、食物对发头裸腹潘休眠卯的诱导  

Effects of population density, temperature and food on inducement of resting eggs in Moina irras Brehem

作　　者：贺蓉[1] 文波[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学荣昌校区水产系,重庆荣昌402460

出　　处：《重庆水产》2010年第3期51-55,共5页CHONGQING FISHERIES

摘　　要：分别以种群密度（0．1、0．3、0．5、1、2和3个／mL）、温度（16、22、28、32和36℃）和不同食物及食物密度（栅藻4×10^5、4×100、4×100和1×10^3个／mL，面包酵母（2×10m^-2、2×10^-、2×10^-4。和5×10^-5mg／mL）大豆粉、栅藻和面包酵母混合组）对发头裸腹涵进行了休眠卵的诱导试验。结果表明：种群密度在0．3～3个／mL时，密度越高，混交雌体和雄性的出现率越高，休眠卵产生越多；除16℃没有发现有性生殖外，其他温度条件下都混交雌体和雄性和休眠卵出现；食物影响试验中，混交雌体出现率依次为栅藻4×10^4个／mL组〉栅藻4×10^5个／mL组〉混合组，休眠卵产生数量最多的是栅藻4×10^4个／mL组，其次是混合组和栅藻4×10^4个／mL组，雄体出现率的趋势是栅藻4×10^4个／mL组〉混合组〉大豆粉。试验结果显示群密度诱导休眠卵效果优于温度和食物的诱导效果。Three indoor experiments were carried out to elevate the effects of population density, temperature and food on inducement of resting eggs in Moina irras Brehem. During the first experiment, six densites（0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 ind.mL-1） were designed. In the second experiment, four temperatures （16, 22, 28, 32 and 36℃） were designed. In the third experiment, Scenedesmus obliquus（ 4×10^5 , 4×10^4, 4000, 1000 cells mL-1）, baker＇s yeast（ 0.02 , 2×10^-3, 2×10^-4, 5×10^-4mg mL-1）, 0.02mg mL-1 soybean powder and mixed tbod （ 2×10^5cells mL-1 S. obliquus ＋ 0.01mg mL-1 baker＇s yeast） were designed. Three replications were set for each density or temperature or food treatment under a constant light regime of 12 h light ： 12 h dark in all the experiments. The results showed： The number Of resting eggs, the rates of mictic female and male increased with density of Moina irras during 0.3~3 ind mL-1; while R0 reduced with raising density of M. irras during 0.1～3 ind..mL-1. Few resting eggs and low rate of mictic females and males were observed during 22-36 ℃, while no sexual reproduction appeared at 16℃ The most resting eggs were observed when fed with 4×10^5 cell.mL-1 S. obliquus in the third experiment, while the highest rates of both mictic female and male occurred when fed with S. obliquus of 4×10^4 cell mL-1 ,followed by 4×10^5 cell mL-1 S. obliquus or mixed food.The results suggest the most effective method inducing sexual reproduction of Moina irras is the population density instead of temperature or food.

关 键 词：发头裸腹溞 种群密度 温度 食物 生殖 

分 类 号：S681.5[农业科学—观赏园艺]