灵芝子实体微粉末的显微形态及其化学成分  

Micromorphology and chemical components of the microparticles of log-cultivated

作　　者：陈体强[1] 朱培根[1] 李开本[1] 徐洁[1] 陈朝旭 黄文凤 陈则树 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院,福建福州350013 [2]福建测试技术研究所 [3]中国科学院福建物质结构研究所

出　　处：《福建农业学报》1999年第4期27-33,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金!( C981 0 0 4 1 )

摘　　要：在扫描电镜下观察原木灵芝子实体微粉末(原木灵芝原粉)呈纤维状,菌丝结构解体为分散的片段,长度为10～120μm,直径1.2～4.5μm。分析结果表明,原木灵芝原粉含水分3.5%～4.2%,粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总醣、还原糖及灰分等的含量分别为9.81%～10.84%、2.46%～3.76%、36.5%～41.3%、24.76%～27.54%、1.44%～1.89%和1.3%～1.7%;从原粉中检出18种常见氨基酸,总量为58.0～60.7mg·g-1,其中必需氨基酸比例占49.7%～50.7%;其脂肪酸构成以油酸(44.2%)、亚油酸(32.1%)和棕榈酸(19.8%)等为主。原木灵芝原粉中含有磷3.21mg·g-1、钙1.37mg·g-1、镁1.67mg·g-1、钾457μg·g-1、钠179μg·g-1、铁176μg·g-1、锰70.3μg·g-1、锌42.0μg·g-1、锶7.37μg·g-1等人体必需的常量或微量元素;多糖、膳食纤维及三萜酸等生物活性物质的含量分别为1.2%～1.4%、40.4%～42.6%及3.02～3.78mg·g-1。Under scaning electron microscope, it was obvious that the microparticles of log\|cultivated Ganoderma lucidum were fiber\|form, and the mycelium structure was disintegrated into fragments, with a length of 10-120 μm.Analytic results showed that contents of water, protein, fat, crube fiber, total carbohydrate,reducing sugar and ash were 3 5%-4 2%, 9 81%-10 84%, 2 46%-3 76%,36 5%-41 3%, 24 76%-27 54%, 1 44%-1 89% and 1 3%-1 7% respectively.Eighteen kinds of amino acids, total amount of 58 0-60 7 mg·g -1 , were checked out and the ratio of essential amino acids were 49 7%-50 7%.The fatty acid composition mainly includes oleic acid(C18∶1, 44 2%), linoleic acid(C18∶2, 32 1%), palmitic acid(C16∶0, 19 8%) ets.At least nineteen kinds of mineral element were checked up,contents of the essential elements were 3 21 mg·g -1 , 1 37 mg·g -1 , 1 67 mg·g -1 for P, Ca, Mg and 457 μg·g -1 , 179 μg·g -1 , 176 μg·g -1 , 70 3 μg·g -1 , 42 0 μg·g -1 , 7 37 μg·g -1 for K, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn and Sr respectively.The contents of the bioactive substance: polysaccharide, dietary fiber were 1 2%-1 4% and 40 4%-42 6% respectively, and the total content of ganoderic acid A,B,C(triterpen) was 3 02-3 78 mg·g -1 .

关 键 词：灵芝 子实体微粉末 显微形态 化学成分 

分 类 号：S567.310.1[农业科学—中草药栽培]