基于生态足迹模型的喀斯特高原山地生态系统健康评价研究  

Ecosystem Health Assessment in Mountainous Areas of Karst Plateau Based on Ecological Footprint Model

作　　者：张凤太[1,2,3] 苏维词[4,5] 赵卫权[5] 梁玉华[1,2] 邵技新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院地理与旅游学院,贵州贵阳550003 [2]贵州师范学院资源环境与灾害研究所,贵州贵阳550003 [3]南京大学地理与海洋学院,江苏南京210093 [4]重庆师范大学地理科学学院,重庆400047 [5]贵州省科学院山地资源研究所,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第1期256-261,F0003,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子项目"喀斯特山区生态环境动态监测关键技术集成与应用示范"(2007BAD53B001);国家社科基金"西部少数民族地区发展模式创新研究"(10XJY044);贵州省科学技术基金"喀斯特地区土地利用/覆被时空演变;驱动因子及生态效应研究"(黔科合J字[2009]2030号);贵州省教育厅青年基金"贵州省黔西南喀斯特地区土地利用/覆盖时空演变与生态效应"(黔教2008060);贵州省科技攻关计划(黔科合S字[2010]3015;(黔科合S字[2007]1020));贵州教育学院2009年校内重点课题

摘　　要：依据生态赤字占人均生态足迹比率,建立了基于生态足迹的喀斯特高原山地生态系统健康评价标准。以毕节地区为例,通过生态足迹的需求和生态承载力的计算得出,在考虑化石燃料情况下,毕节地区人均生态足迹需求为2.970 3hm2,区域发展的人均生态足迹供给为0.267 9hm2,人均生态赤字为-2.702 3,人均生态赤字与生态足迹比率为-0.877 9,反映了毕节地区生态系统整体处于病态状态。在不考虑化石燃料消耗对生态系统健康产生的后果前提条件下,毕节试验区及所属8个县市均为亚健康状态和欠健康状态。在空间格局上,毕节地区的生态系统健康状况由西北向北部、南部和东部地区逐渐变差;在不考虑化石燃料的条件下,生态系统健康状态的空间变化也大致从中心向周围方向变差。化石燃料、经济发展状况、人口密度大小及喀斯特出露面积(人地矛盾)对毕节喀斯特高原山地生态系统影响较大。Based on the ratio of ecological deficit to per capita ecological footprint,evaluation criteria of ecosystem health were established in regard to ecological footprint for Bijie District.Using ecological footprint demand and ecological carrying capacity with consideration of fossil fuel consumption,the per capita ecological footprint demand of Bijie area was 2.9703 hm2,per capita supply of ecological footprint for regional development was 0.2679 hm2,per capita ecological deficit was-2.7023,and the ratio of per capita deficit to ecological footprint was-0.8779.The ecosystem of Bijie area as a whole is in an unhealthy state.Taking fossil fuel consumption out of the account,Bijie area and its eight counties were in sub-health or unhealthy states.In terms of the spatial pattern,the ecosystem health of Bijie area deteriorated from northwest to north,south and east directions.Without considering fossil fuel consumption,the ecosystem health of the area also deteriorated from the center to the surrounding areas.Fossil fuels,economic development,and population size and density impacted greatly the mountainous ecosystems of the exposed area the karst plateau.

关 键 词：生态足迹 喀斯特生态系统 健康评价 毕节地区 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]