幼儿面孔表情认知反应的相关因素  

The related factors of facial expressions cognition in toddlers

作　　者：李咏梅[1,2] 静进[1] 金宇[1] 邹小兵[2] 五十岚一枝 俞红[4] 余新[4] 吴清[4] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系,广州510080 [2]中山大学附属第三医院儿童发育行为中心,广州510630 [3]日本女子白百合大学 [4]佛山市妇幼保健院,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2011年第3期205-210,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30872130)

摘　　要：目的：探讨影响幼儿表情认知反应的个体和家庭相关因素。方法：采用方便取样，选取90名1.5~3岁幼儿（男55例，女35例），记录其对面孔表情图的认知反应，同时用1~3岁幼儿气质量表、家庭因素和亲子关系情况调查表、婴幼儿社会认知发展筛查量表进行调查。将表情认知反应各原始变量进行因子分析提取公因子，再用偏相关分析和多重回归分析，探讨幼儿表情认知反应各公因子与气质特征、家庭因素及社会认知能力各因素的关系。结果：多重回归分析显示，多个自变量与表情认知反应各公因子有明显相关，包括心境（Beta =-0.214）、节律性（Beta =0.217）、言语发育水平（Beta =0.289），及家庭环境中多个因素包括父母亲性格（父亲内/外向Beta =0.278、母亲内/外向Beta =-0.263，母亲敏感/不敏感Beta =0.260）、父亲和带养人文化（Beta =0.259,0.244）、母亲产后情绪（Beta =0.347）、母亲行为（Beta =0.231）、家庭经济（Beta =-0.217,0.257）以及家庭氛围（Beta =-0.281）（P＜0.05）。结论：正常幼儿表情认知反应不仅与其气质特征和语言能力有关，也与多个家庭环境因素有关。Objective：To explore the related individual and family factors which affect toddlers＇ cognitive responses to expression.Methods：By convenience sampling,90 toddlers（55 males and35 yemales）aged 1.5-3 years were selected.They were also investigated with the toddler temperament scale,family and parenthood status questionnaire,and infant-early children social development screening test.Their cognitive responses to five facial expressions were observed.The correlation between the common factors of variables of cognitive responses to expressions and temperament,family factors,the ability of social cognition were analyzed by partial correlation and multiple regression analysis.Results：Multiple regression analysis showed that toddler＇ s mood（β= -0.214）,rhythm（β= 0.217）,verbal ability（β= 0.289）and several family factors including parental character（β= 0.278,-0.263,0.260）,culture trait of father and foster（β= 0.259,0.244）,maternal postpartum emotion（β= 0.347）,maternal behavior（β= 0.231）,domestic economy（β= -0.217,0.257）and atmosphere（β= -0.281）were significantly correlated with the common factors of variables of cognitive responses to expressions（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Toddlers＇ cognitive responses to expressions may be not only related with their temperament and verbal ability but also related with many family factors.

关 键 词：幼儿 面孔表情 认知 气质 家庭因素 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] B842.1[哲学宗教—心理学]