高风险岩溶隧道掌子面突水机制研究  

Research on water inrush mechanism induced by karst tunnel face with high risk

作　　者：孙谋[1] 刘维宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木工程与建筑学院,北京100044

出　　处：《岩土力学》2011年第4期1175-1180,共6页Rock and Soil Mechanics

摘　　要：在我国西部强岩溶地区,越来越多的长大深埋隧道潜在突水、突泥的风险,由于隐伏岩溶水体位置、规模以及体量的不确定性,突水模式与类型异常复杂,隧道掌子面的突水风险系数极高。对于隧道开挖后围岩结构完整性较好的掌子面,在特大体量隐伏岩溶水体作用下,当开挖面进入安全厚度内迅速发生破断突水,具备明显的突变特征。针对隧道掌子面发生破断突水的突变特征,采用数值手段探讨了施工条件对突水突变现象的影响。将隧道简化为圆形,建立了掌子面失稳的折叠突变模型,通过对系统势能函数的分析,推导了隧道掌子面发生破断的突水条件和最小安全厚度计算公式,基于系统势能突变控制参数灾变演化路径的分析,提出了掌子面突水的具体防治措施,并结合工程实例验证了其可行性。With the Western China development, more and more larger and deep karst tunnel will be constructed with the risk of water inrush and mud gushing in the Western China karst area; and the model and type of water inrush are so complex for the uncertain attribute of concealed water body, such as its position, scale, etc.; and the risk coefficient is very high for the tunnel face. Under the effect of especially big water bearing structure, water inrush of tunnel face happens when the excavation face enters into the minimal distance of safety thickness; and the catastrophe characters of water inrush are obvious. According to the catastrophe phenomenon, the effect of construction condition on the catastrophe characters of water inrush has been analyzed by the numerical method. With the hypothesis of circular tunnel, a fold catastrophe model of water inrush for tunnel face instability has been established; the criterion condition and minimal safety thickness have been given through analyzing the total potential energy function of tunnel face structure; based on the analysis of evolution path of catastrophe controlling parameters, the measures for preventing water inrush have been put forward, of which the feasibility has been proved with an engineering example of water inrush.

关 键 词：岩溶隧道 掌子面破断突水 突变模型 突水判据 最小安全厚度 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]