青藏高原冰川雪坑中离子浓度的区域特征及来源分析  

Regional Characteristics of Ion Concentration in Glacial Snowpits over the Tibetan Plateau and Source Analysis

作　　者：武小波[1] 李全莲[1] 王宁练[1] 蒲健辰[1] 贺建桥[1] 张春文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第4期971-975,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40930526);国家自然科学基金项目(40801023;40871038);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2010CB951400);西部博士资助项目(290928601);科技基础性工作专项(2006FY1102007)

摘　　要：研究了青藏高原古仁河口冰川、小冬克玛底冰川和玉珠峰冰川中的离子浓度特征.使用离子色谱对这3条冰川雪坑中的样品进行了分析,并运用相关分析法探讨了离子的主要来源.结果表明,Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、Cl-和SO24-的浓度从古仁河口冰川、小冬克玛底冰川到玉珠峰冰川依次升高,即从高原南部到北部依次升高.反映了从青藏高原的南部到北部,陆源物质成分所占比重越来越大的特征.玉珠峰冰川中Cl-、Na+和SO42-浓度比古仁河口冰川和小冬克玛底冰川高几倍,可能是由于玉珠峰冰川北侧柴达木盆地盐湖的蒸发及盐类矿物风化的结果.NO 3-、K+和NH 4+的来源比较复杂,对环境的指示意义不够显著.The characteristics of ion concentration were studied in snowpit samples collected from the GRHK glacier,the XDKMD glacier and the YZF glacier over the Tibetan Plateau.Samples of snowpits in these three glaciers were analyzed by ion chromatography and ion sources were also explored by correlation analysis.The results indicated that the concentration of Ca2 ＋,Mg2 ＋,Na ＋,Cl-and SO42-increased from the GRHK glacier to the XDKMD glacier and to the YZF glacier,suggesting that the terrestrial matter were major origin from the south to north over the Tibetan Plateau.The concentration of Cl-,Na ＋ and SO42-in YZF glacier was higher by many times than GRHK glacier and XDKMD glacier,Perhaps mainly come from the evaporation of salt lake and the weather of mineral salts in the Qaidam Basin.The sources of NO 3-,K ＋ and NH 4＋ were complicated and it is not obvious for the indication of environment.

关 键 词：青藏高原 雪坑 离子 相关性 来源 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]