不同发育阶段黄牛肺泡组织结构的研究  

Research on histological structure of pulmonary alveoli in the different development stages of Cattle

作　　者：魏青[1] 俞红贤[2] 张勤文[2] 李莉[2] 荆海霞[2] 牛海林[2] 薛乾[2] 梁林[2] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学生物科学系,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期1-6,27,共7页Journal of Qinghai University(Natural Science)

基　　金：教育部高等学校优秀青年教师教学科研奖励计划资助项目

摘　　要：利用光镜、透射电镜和形态测量学系统对1日龄、30日龄、180日龄和成年四个年龄组的黄牛肺泡组织结构进行观察和比较。结果表明:1日龄黄牛肺泡结构发育良好,但肺泡扩张不充分。不同发育阶段黄牛单个肺泡的面积(MSAA)随年龄增加不断增大(P<0.05);单位面积内肺泡数(MAN)随年龄增加逐渐减少(P<0.05);肺泡隔厚度30日龄组的(MAST)最大(P<0.05),1日龄时最薄(P<0.05),180日龄和成年组的肺泡隔厚度厚于1日龄组(P<0.05),而薄于30日龄组(P<0.05),但两者之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。30日龄黄牛肺组织近胸膜处的区域有大量似肺泡囊的囊状结构,囊内有许多短小的次级隔,此外肺泡隔内细胞成分以30日龄组最为丰富。单位面积内的肺泡面积(SA)成年组最大(P<0.05),其他三组差异不显著(P>0.05)。黄牛的气-血屏障的算术平均厚度和调和平均厚度均随年龄增加而不断增厚,且相邻两个组之间差异显著(P<0.05)。The alveolar histological structure of 1-day old,30-day old,180-day old and adult cattle was observed and compared by HE staining,TEM and morphometry.The result indicated that alveoli were well-developed,but they were incompletely inflated.Mean single alveolar area（MSAA） of cattle increased（P0.05） with the age increasing,but mean alveolar number（MAN） in the unit area decreased unceasingly（P0.05）;Mean alveolar septum thickness（MAST） of 30-day old cattle was the thickest（P0.05）,it was the thinnest in 1-day old cattle lung（P0.05）,and the alveolar septum thickness of 180-day old and adult was thicker than 1-day old cattle＇s（P0.05） and was thinner than 30-day old cattle＇s（P0.05）,but the difference of both was not remarkable（P0.05）.There was massive sac-like structures which resemble alveolar sac in 30-old day cattle lung near pulmonary pleural.There were a lot short secondary septum in the sac,and alveolar septum of 30-old day cattle contained abundant cell component.Total alveolar area in the unit area（SA） of adult cattle was widest（P0.05）,there were no remarkable differences among other three groups（P0.05）.Arithmetic mean thickness and harmonic mean thickness of blood-air barrier thickened with age increasing,and there were remarkable difference between neighboring two groups（P0.05）.

关 键 词：黄牛 肺泡 肺泡隔 组织结构 发育 

分 类 号：S823.81[农业科学—畜牧学]