工资、出口贸易与全要素生产率:1979-2009  

Wages,Export Trade and Total Factor Productivity:From 1979 to 2009

作　　者：张庆昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,天津300071

出　　处：《财经研究》2011年第4期26-36,共11页Journal of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家软科学项目(2010GXS5D226);国家社科基金一般项目(10BJL042);教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(09YJA790129);山东省自然科学基金重点项目(Z2009HZ001);山东大学自主创新基金项目资助

摘　　要：文章使用DEA方法测算了中国1979-2009年各省份的全要素生产率,结果发现全要素生产率的增长偏离工资的增长,这与Madsen和Damania(2001)等人的研究相矛盾。为此,结合中国实际情况,文章从需求引致创新角度对此问题进行了理论分析。在理论分析的基础上,文章利用两步系统广义矩(Two-step system GMM)估计方法控制全要素生产率对工资可能产生的影响后进行了经验分析。结果表明,1979-1997年,工资与全要素生产率的增长基本一致;工资、出口均显著促进全要素生产率的提升;1998-2009年,全要素生产率的增长偏离工资的增长,主要因为我国出口额大幅增加抵消了工资上涨给企业带来的压力,降低了企业的创新动力。This paper calculates provincial total factor productivity from 1979 to 2009 by DEA.It finds that the growth of TFP deviates from the growth of wages in China,which contradicts the study of Madsen and Damania in 2001.Therefore,with the actual situation in China,this paper theoretically analyzes this issue from the angle of demandled innovation.Then it makes empirical study after the control of the possible effects of TFP on wages by twostep system GMM.The results show that,from 1979 to 1997,the growth of wages is consistent with the growth of TFP and wages and exports have significantly positive effects on TFP.From 1998 to 2009,the growth of TFP deviates from the growth of wages mainly owing to a large increase in our exports which offsets the pressure of increasing wages and weakens the innovational motivation of firms.

关 键 词：工资 全要素生产率 出口 

分 类 号：F424.7[经济管理—产业经济]