饥饿对繁殖期尼罗罗非鱼肌肉生化成分和性腺发育的影响  

Effects of Starvation on Biochemical Components in Muscle and Gonad Development of Oreochromis niloticus in Breeding Season

作　　者：刘凯[1] 段金荣[1] 徐东坡[1] 张敏莹[1] 王勇[2] 施炜纲[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部长江下游渔业资源环境重点野外科学观测试验站中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [2]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第5期421-424,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台项目"长江中下游水产种质资源标准化整理;整合与共享"(2007DKA30470);公益性行业(农业)科研专项"长江下游水生生物增殖放流研究及数字化平台开发"(200903048-03);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项项目"两种重要经济鱼类生化组成的周期性变化研究及能量密度模型构建"(2009JBFB06)

摘　　要：在养殖群体中选取规格为202.3±5.1g（♀）和251.7±5.9g（♂）的尼罗罗非鱼作为实验样本,研究饥饿对其肌肉生化成分和性腺发育的影响。实验期间雌雄鱼体质量均于饥饿14天后显著下降（P〈0.05）,停食结束后分别下降19.72%和15.93%;饥饿早期性腺质量持续上升,21-~28天期间出现拐点,至28天卵巢和精巢质量分别增加95.93%和120.31%。饥饿过程中肌肉粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量以及能量密度均呈下降趋势,雌雄鱼粗脂肪含量分别于7天和14天显著下降（P〈0.05）,粗蛋白含量的显著变化均出现于14天。结果表明饥饿对尼罗罗非鱼肌肉生化成分及性腺发育具有显著影响,饥饿早期其动用储备能量供性腺发育,随着饥饿的延续,性腺发育趋缓直至停滞。此外,由于雄鱼前期能量贮存水平高于雌鱼,加之卵巢发育需要消耗更多能量,因此各阶段雌鱼主要指标的下降均早于雄鱼,且降幅也大于后者。In this experiment, based on ninety samples with body weight of 202.3±5.1g（ ♀ ） and 251.7±5.9g（ ♂ ） of Oreochromis niloticus selected from cultured population, studies on effects of starvation on biochemical components in muscle and gonad development were carried out. In experimental period, body weight of female and male samples decreased significantly in 14 days （ P0.05 ） , and total amplitude in 28 days were 19.72% and 15.93% respectively. In early stage of starvation, gonad weight increased constantly until 21d, and total amplitude in 28 days of ovary and spermary were 95.93% and 120.31% respectively. During the same period, content of crude fat and crude protein as well as energy density in muscle decreased continuously, the remarkable change of crude fat of female and male samples showed separately in 7 days and 14d （ P0.05 ） , and the similar change of crude protein both showed in 14 days. The result showed that starvation had significant effect on biochemical components in muscle and gonad development, in early stage of starvation, experimental samples of Oreochromis niloticus could maintain gonad development by using reserved energy, but the trend slowed gradually until stagnated with the prolonging of starvation. Furthermore, the female samples had lower level of reserved energy, and they usually needed more energy for ovary development, so it could be found that the decline trend of main indexes of female samples appeared earlier than that of male samples with more amplitude in every stage.

关 键 词：尼罗罗非鱼 饥饿 生化成分 能量密度 性腺发育 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]