杂交中稻籽粒性状在不同生态区和施氮水平下的变异研究  

Studies on Variation of Grain Traits of Medium Hybrid Rice under Different Nitrogen Application Levels in Different Ecological Regions

作　　者：徐富贤[1] 熊洪[1] 张林[1] 郭晓艺[1] 朱永川[1] 周兴兵[1] 刘茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2011年第2期45-51,57,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：西南水稻创新体系建设项目;粮食科技丰产工程(2006BAD02A05);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2006GB2F000256);四川省学术带头人培养基金;四川省水稻育种攻关项目;四川省财政推广项目

摘　　要：以杂交中稻高产品种Ⅱ优7号和高产优质新品种渝香优203为材料,在西南稻区4省(市)的6个生态点采用相同的试验方案,研究了籽粒性状与地理位置、土壤肥力和施氮水平的关系。结果表明,6个籽粒性状(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、千粒重、密度和充实率)在试验地点间及品种间的差异均达极显著水平,部分籽粒性状在施氮量间的差异及地点、品种与施氮量的交互作用达极显著水平。2个品种一致表现在低经度、高纬度生态和较高的土壤全氮、全磷、有效磷、有效钾基础肥力条件下,降低施氮水平,有利于增加粒长和粒宽进而提高千粒重和充实率。但品种间有些籽粒性状对生态条件、土壤肥力及施氮水平的反应存在个性差异,Ⅱ优7号更适宜于高海拔和低氮、高磷、高有机质环境条件下种植,渝香优203更适宜在低氮、高磷钾环境条件下种植。The relation of geographical position,soil fertility and nitrogen application to grain traits was studied at 6 ecological sites in 4 provinces of southwestern China with Ⅱ You 7,a widely used high-yielding medium hybrid rice combination,and Yuxiangyou 203,a new high-yielding and good quality medium hybrid rice combination,as the materials.The results showed that there existed a significant difference at the 1% level among varieties and experimental sites in all of the tested 6 grain traits（grain length,grain width,grain thickness,1 000-grain weight,grain density and grain plumpness） and there was a significant difference at the 1% level among nitrogen application levels and the interactions of nitrogen application levels with varieties and sites in some of the grain traits.For both varieties,decreasing nitrogen application levels increased grain length and width thus increased 1 000-grain weight and improved grain plumpness under the conditions of higher contents of total N,total P,available P and available K in soil in the lower longitude and higher latitude regions.However,different varieties had a different reaction to ecological conditions,soil fertility and nitrogen application in some grain traits.Ⅱ You 7 was suitable for growing under the conditions of high altitude,low N,high P and high organic matter contents in soil while Yuxiangyou 203 was suitable for growing under the conditions of low N,high P and high K contents in soil.

关 键 词：杂交中稻 籽粒性状 生态条件 施氮水平 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S147.22