不同刃口形式下锯齿形切屑形成过程的仿真及实验研究  

Simulation and Experimental Study of Saw Tooth Chip Formation Under Different Cutting Edges Preparation

作　　者：岳彩旭[1] 刘献礼[1] 严复钢[1] 翟元盛[1] 姬生园[1] 李选琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2011年第4期673-678,共6页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划(2009AA044302);博士点基金项目(20060214003)资助

摘　　要：利用通用型有限元软件ABAQUS,本研究对PCBN刀具正交切削淬硬钢GCr15时锯齿形切屑产生的过程进行了数值仿真。模型采用剪切失效和单元删除准则以及网格自适应技术,有效地解决了由于材料大变形导致严重的单元扭曲与交错、高应变集中区域的单元奇异问题。在刀具为锋利刃口、倒圆刃口以及倒棱刃口的情况下,预测并分析了刃口形式对切削过程中切削力、应力场、应变场及残余应力场的影响。有限元仿真结果显示:刃口形式对切削过程影响显著,在相同的切削条件下,锋利刀刃、倒圆刀刃和倒棱刀刃的切削力、切削温度以及切削残余应力依次增大,并且三者得到的已加工表面残余应力具有相同的变化规律。倒棱刃口温度分布较好,为硬态切削中最佳的刃口形式。经过实验验证,本研究所建立的模型具有较好的精度。The generation procedure of saw tooth chip when PCBN tools are orthogonally cutting hard steel GCr15 is simulated by FEM software ABAQUS.The model effectively overcomes serious element distortions and cell singularity in high strain domain caused by material large deformation by adopting shear failure,element deletion rule and mesh ALE technology.This paper predicts and analyses the effect of cutting edge preparation on cutting force,cutting temperature and residual stress.The results of FEM show that cutting edge preparation has a great impact on cutting procedure.Under the same cutting condition,the cutting force,temperature and residual stress of sharp-up edge,honed edge and chamfered edge increases in turn,and the three kinds of cutting edges have the same change rules for residual stress.Chamfered edge has a good temperature distribution,so it is the best edge in hard cutting process.By experimental verification,the models established in this study have good accuracy and are helpful for optimizing the tool cutting edge and cutting process.

关 键 词：刃口形式 硬态切削 锯齿形切屑 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]