首次发作精神分裂症患者及独立样本未患病一级亲属的神经认知功能：横断面研究  

Neurocognitive performance in the patients with first-episode schizophrenia and their independent first-degree relatives:a cross-sectional study

作　　者：韩雪[1] 杨磊[1] 程章[1] 张涛[1] 原岩波[1] 于欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学精神卫生研究所,卫生部精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),北京100191

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2010年第6期681-686,共6页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2007BAI17B04);教育部教育振兴行动计划特殊专项(“九八五”工程,985-2-027-39)资助~~

摘　　要：目的:比较分析首发精神分裂症患者以及来自独立样本未患病一级亲属的神经认知功能特点。方法:用成组设计横断面研究方法,分别纳入42例首次发作未接受过系统治疗的精神分裂症患者(患者组)、24例来自不同于患者组的另一组患者的非患病一级亲属(高危组)以及40例健康志愿者(对照组)作为被试对象,采用成套神经认知功能测验对学习和记忆、精细动作、信息处理速度以及执行功能4个领域进行全面评定,采用SPSS16.0统计软件包进行数据分析。结果:与对照组相比,首发精神分裂症患者在学习和记忆、精细动作、信息处理速度领域以及执行功能的3个分领域(转换、词语流畅性、工作记忆)均有明显受损,受损效应值在0.63～1.54个标准差之间,而高危组仅在词语学习(ES=0.62)、数字符号(ES=1.05)、符号搜索(ES=1.18)、动物范畴流畅性测验(ES=0.80)以及威斯康星卡片分类测验(ES=0.68)中的部分认知功能与对照组存在差异,且差异小于患者组。结论:首发精神分裂症患者即存在广泛的神经认知功能损害,且来自不同家族的未患病一级亲属也存在不同程度的神经认知功能损害,所以推测神经认知功能可能是一组与精神分裂症遗传易感性相关的生物学指标。Objective：To evaluate neurocognitive performance in first-episode schizophrenic patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of different patients samples. Methods： A total of 42 patients with first-episode schizophrenia,24 unaffected first-degree relatives and 40 healthy individuals,matched with age,gender and years of education,were recruited from both outpatients and inpatients after being diagnosed with structured tool （SCID-I/P） . Subjects’ cognitive performance was evaluated by a set of neuropsychological test battery,which assessed four cognitive domains including learning and memory,motor skills,speed of processing and executive function. Results： Healthy individuals performed better than first-episode schizophrenic patients in nearly all cognitive domains （ES=0.63-1.54） with exception of inhibition sub-domain. First-degree relatives showed moderate impairment in verbal learning （ES=0.62）,digital symbol （ES=1.05）,symbol search （ES=1.18）,animal category （ES=0.80） and WCST perseverate errors （ES=0.68）. Degree of impairment in first-degree relatives was less than that in the patients. Conclusion： Patients with first-episode schizophrenia have global neurocognitive deficits. Independent first-degree relatives also have deficits in some neurocognitive domains,with a moderate degree between patients and normal controls. Our results indicate that neurocognitive performance may be viewed as a biomarker for candidates reflecting genetic liability for schizophrenia.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 认知障碍 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R781.33[医药卫生—口腔医学]