对桑椹肥大性菌核病菌具有抑制活性的中草药筛选  

Screening of Chinese Herbal Medicine with Inhibitory Activity to Ciboria shiraiana

作　　者：梁杨[1] 徐立[1] 马晓敏[1] 温斐斐[1] 余茂德[1] 吴福安[2] 黄先智[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生物技术学院,重庆400715 [2]中国农业科学院蚕业研究所,江苏镇江212018

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2011年第2期187-192,共6页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金重点项目(No.2006AB1002);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(蚕桑)

摘　　要：桑椹肥大性菌核病是危害桑椹的真菌病害。为了保证果用桑椹的品质和食用安全,探讨利用中草药抑制该病病原菌的效果。采用半固体药基混合法检测36种中草药提取物体内外抑制桑椹肥大性菌核病菌的活性,结果表明,白癣皮、五倍子、诃子3种中草药提取物均有一定的抑菌作用,其中0.025 g/mL白藓皮提取液对桑椹肥大性菌核病菌的体外抑制效果较好,对菌丝的生长抑制率达86.12%,并且田间试验的防治效果显著,桑椹染病率下降至0.80%。家蚕食下分别喷施3种中草药提取液的桑叶后,对生长发育和吐丝营茧亦无不良影响。初步认为,白藓皮提取物可进一步开发为防治桑椹肥大性菌核病的新型植物源农药。Ciboria shiraiana is the fungus disease that endangers mulberry fruit.In order to guarantee the safety and quality of mulberry fruit used in food,the inhibitory effect of Chinese herbal medicine on the pathogenic fungi was investigated.A semi-solid and drug-based method was employed to detect both the in vivo and in vitro inhibitory activity of 36 kinds of herbal extract against Ciboria shiraiana.The results showed the extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus,Rhus chinensis and Terminalia chebula had some inhibitory effect on C.shiraiana.0.025 g/mL extract of dictamni cortex had a satisfactory in vitro inhibitory effect on C.shiraiana.Its inhibitory rate on mycelial growth reached 86.12%.Moreover,field test showed significant control effect.Incidence of the disease on mulberry fruit dropped to 0.80%.Nevertheless,no adverse effect was observed on growth,development and cocoon formation after silkworm larvae were fed with mulberry leaves sprayed with the 3 kinds of herbal extract.It is tentatively considered that the extract of dictamni cortex can be further developed into a new botanical pesticide for the prevention and control of mulberry sclerotiniose.

关 键 词：中草药 白藓皮 桑椹肥大性菌核病菌 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S888.7[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]