氯苯和邻二氯苯的蚯蚓急性毒性研究  

Acute Toxicity Effects of Chlorobenzene and Dichlorobenzene on Earthworms

作　　者：卢强[1] 张松林[1] 张晓伟[1] 杨敬辉[1] 唐睿[1] 伏小勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学市政与环境工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第4期23-26,共4页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(ZS011-A25-063-Y和2007GS03614);甘肃省教育厅基金(0801-08);甘肃省重点学科生态经济学基金资助

摘　　要：文章以赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)滤纸急性毒性实验研究氯苯和邻二氯苯对蚯蚓的单一和联合毒性效应。单一毒性实验发现,蚯蚓死亡率和氯苯与邻二氯苯的曝露浓度显著正相关(P<0.05),其48 h LC50分别为5.680 mL/L和2.750 mL/L,表明氯苯的毒性小于邻二氯苯;同时通过观察可知,氯苯以皮肤渗入赤子爱胜蚓体内的毒性效应高于邻二氯苯;另外,实验期间,蚯蚓的体重明显下降,且与污染物浓度呈一定的线性关系(氯苯R2=0.780和P<0.05)。联合毒性实验发现,氯苯和邻二氯苯共存时蚯蚓的死亡率增加,表明氯苯和邻二氯苯复合污染时两者的毒性呈协同作用。可见,氯苯和邻二氯苯污染对土壤生态系统安全和土壤健康质量存在较大的威胁,同时这两种污染物的共存进一步加大了潜在危害性,且复合毒性效应与各组浓度组合密切相关。To evaluate influences of contamination of environmental hormones on soil eco-environment,acute earthworms（Eisenia foetide）toxicity testing with filter-paper was conducted,involving single toxicity and combined toxicity regarding chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene.The single test found the positive correlation existed between the mortality of earthworms and strength of chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene,as well as the positive correlation between the mortality of earthworms and the time of earthworms exposed to chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene.Combined toxicity test showed that compared with single test the death rate of earthworms increased,indicating the synergetic effect of the contaminants,which would scale up the potential hazards to the soil ecosystem.

关 键 词：氯苯 邻二氯苯 蚯蚓 急性毒性 体重变化 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]