三种植物对南京秦淮河重金属污染的监测  

Monitoring of Heavy Metal Contamination of Qinhuai River by Three Plants

作　　者：贺艳[1] 王爱国[1] 胡蔚[1] 陈亚华[1] 沈振国[1] 夏妍[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第4期93-96,175,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家基础人才培养科学基金(J0730647);中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室2009年开放基金课题

摘　　要：调查了南京外秦淮河小行站至汉中门附近7个不同采样点的三种植物--沉水植物空心莲子草(Alternantheraphiloxeroides)及沿岸植物酸模(Rumex acetosa L)和石龙芮(Ranunculus sceleratus L)共64个样品中Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、Ti及Al等金属含量。结果表明,调查的7个河段均有Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、Ti及Al六种金属不同程度的污染,其中Zn、Fe、Ti和Al污染都非常严重,这几种重金属在空心莲子草体内的积累量分别达到254、994、70及1 065 mg/kg,远远高于正常植物中的含量。因离污染源最近,外秦淮河小行段(1号样点)Zn、Fe、Ti和Al含量最高,故污染最严重;上述研究结果应引起人们的关注。同时,调查还发现三种植物因采样点周围环境的不同积累金属的能力存在差异,空心莲子草表现出对多种金属具有较强的积累能力;可作为秦淮河重金属污染监测的首选植物。Concentrations of Zn,Fe,Mn,Cu,Ti and Al in 64 samples of three plants including Alternanthera philoxeroides,Rumex acetosa L and Ranunculus sceleratus L along Qinhuai River from section of Xiaohang Station to Hanzhong Gate were evaluated.Results showed that 7 sites were contaminated by different heavy metals,especially Zn,Fe,Ti and Al,with concentrations in Alternanthera philoxeroides as 254,994,70 and 1,065mg/kg on average respectively,which were much higher than in ordinary plants.Metal concentrations which were the most highest in Site Xiaohang were the most severely polluted by heavy metals because it was near pollution source.Abilities of the 3 plants to accumulate heavy metals had differences among those sites.Alternanthera philoxeroides which has high accumulation potential of heavy metals might be used for suitable pollution monitoring and phytoremediation on heavy metal contaminated rivers.

关 键 词：重金属 积累 沉水植物 秦淮河 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]