话语交流中的动态语境模型及其认知  

On the Dynamic Contestual Model and Cognition in the Discourse Exchange

作　　者：廖德明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学文学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第2期60-66,共7页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年项目(09YJC740058);西华师范大学灾后重建专项研究基金项目(08G-021)

摘　　要：会话交流是说者与听者之间相互的话语理解活动,而话语理解活动牵涉到复杂语境的认知。人们一开始主要从静态的角度来研究语境,认为语境是关于当前时刻的情景,然而语境绝非静止的,它是随着交流的进行而持续变化的环境,是一个动态的过程。20世纪80年代以来,不少语言学家从语境的静态研究转向动态研究,从语境的类型、参数与变量研究转向结构模型研究。M.Berry的"礼貌的共同合作"模型,O' Donnell的语境限制模型、T.W inograd的过渡网络模型以及E.Ventola的流程图模型,使得动态语境模型的建构越来越精致化。他们的模型虽然引入了主体因素,但是对于主体的认知状况与选择的刻画过于理想,因此还有待深化。Discourse exchange is comprehension activities between the speaker and the listener,involving the understanding of the complex discourse context.People started mainly from a static point of view to study the context,the context is considered as the scene on the current moment.However,The context should be a dynamic process in the constantly changing environments.Since the 1980s,many linguists have begun the studies from the static context to the dynamic context,from the types,parameters and variables of the context to the structure model.M.Berry＇s polite collabrative model,O＇Donnell context constraints model,T.Winograd＇s transition network model,and the flowchart model of E.Ventola,are making the construction of dynamic context model more and more refined.

关 键 词：话语交流 认知 动态语境 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]