硫酸铜和氰戊菊酯对斑马鱼急性毒性试验  

Acute toxicity of copper sulfate and fenvalerate to zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio)

作　　者：吕爱军[1] 李晓芹[1] 胡秀彩[2] 张艳华[1] 程超[1] 

机构地区：[1]徐州师范大学生命科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]江苏省药用植物生物技术重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第2期8-11,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30800847);江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(08KJD240002);江苏省高校"青蓝工程"项目(2008)

摘　　要：为探究重金属和农药对斑马鱼的毒性与安全评价,选用硫酸铜、氰戊菊酯对斑马鱼进行急性毒性试验,以24～96 h半致死浓度(LC_(50))判定斑马鱼对这两种药物的敏感性。结果表明,硫酸铜24 hLC_(50)48h LC_(50)、72 h LC_(50)、96 h LC_(50)分别为12 mg/L、7.9 mg/L、6.8 mg/L、5.4 mg/L;氰戊菊酯24 h LC_(50)、48 h LC_(50)、72 h LC_(50)、96h LC_(50)分别为1.2× 10^(-4)mg/L、0.9 × 10^(-4)mg/L、0 9×10^(-4)mg/L、0.9×10^(-4)/mg/L;硫酸铜安全质量浓度为1.03 mg/L,氰戊菊酯为1.52×10^(-5)mg/L。参照我国化学物质对鱼类毒性分级标准,判定硫酸铜对斑马鱼急性毒性为Ⅱ级,氰戊菊酯对斑马鱼急性毒性为Ⅰ级。The present paper is aimed to report our experiments and investigations on the toxicity of the heavy metals and pesticides to zebrafish （Brachydanio rerio） by using standardized laboratory procedures, along with our measurements on the acute toxicity of copper sulfate and fenvalerate. In proceeding with our experiments, we have tested and measure the sensitivities of zebarfish to these pesticides respectively by using medium lethal concentrations （LC50） every 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h. The results showed that the values of 24 h LC50, 48 h LC50,72 h LC50 and 96 h LC50 of CuSO4 were 12 mg/L, 7.9 mg/L, 6.8 mg/L and 5.4 mg/L, respectively. The values of LC50 for fenvalerate were 1.2×10^-4 mg/L, 0.9×10^-4 mg/L, 0.9×10^-4 mg/L and 0.9×10^-4 mg/L, respectively. The safe concentrations of the two pesticides were 1.03 mg/L and 1.52×10-5 mg/L, respectively. Though we have found that the copper sulfate is likely to lead to shape distortion of zebrafish, causing the phenomena of upside-down and the head-up, the scoliosis was not obvious. However, the fenvalerate can cause the bending of back and side in fish, which is of different characteristics. However, the pesticide fenvalerate proves more sensitive to zebarfish than the copper sulfate. There was no change in the death rate of zebarfish after 48 hours. According to the state requirements for toxicity-evaluating and grading of chemicals toxics to fish in China （GB/T 21281—2007）, the toxicity of the two chemicals to zebarfish should be put at grade Ⅱ and Ⅰ, respectively. The results show that the toxicity of the copper sulfate to the fish should belong to the moderate level with the 1.0〈96 h LC50≤10.0 mg/L, whereas the toxic level of fenvalerate with the 96 h LC50≤0.1 mg/L belongs to high-toxic material to zebrafish. Hence, this study can be said to have provided the theoretical basis for the rational application of copper sulfate or fenvalerate, when they are used in aquaculture in prevention and control of fish diseases.

关 键 词：水产保护学 斑马鱼 急性毒性 硫酸铜 氰戊菊酯 

分 类 号：S94[农业科学—水产养殖]