论回避宪法判断原则  

On Principle of Avoidance of Constitutional Decision

作　　者：骆正言[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学,安徽马鞍山243002

出　　处：《行政与法》2011年第4期87-90,共4页Administration and Law

基　　金：2010年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"宪法视野下的人格权保护"(项目编号:10YJC820081);2010年度安徽省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目"人格权的宪法保护研究"(项目编号:2010sk168)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：作为"权利的宣言书",宪法最明快地保护人权,理当在实践中发挥作用。但即使在宪法审查制度发达的国家,法院在引用宪法上也恪守消极主义立场,尽量回避宪法性判断,在法律层面上处理案件,充分尊重普通法律的稳定和立法权的独立。然而法律的制定常受现实的影响,从而忽略宪法的基本原则,如果盲目坚持回避宪法判断的原则,就会姑息纵容损害基本权的立法行为。所以当基本权受到明显的、持续的、严重的侵犯时,各国法院仍会积极适用宪法判断。这一点也值得国内实务界和学术界适当借鉴,以应付以宪法为诉讼依据的案件和事件。As declaration of rights,the constitution protects human rights explicitly and deserves to be implemented in practices.But even in those countries with perfect constitutional review,courts insist the standpoint of passivism,trying to decide cases on the level of law and avoid constitutional decisions in order to deed stability of common laws and independence of legislature.However,legislations readily yield to practical circumstances and disregards of constitutional principles.Sticking to that principle would tolerate impairment to fundamental rights by legislation.When fundamental rights are infringed obviously,continually and seriously,the courts can certainly touch on constitutional decisions.All of these can deserve to be learned by national judiciary and scholars to deal with constitutional cases.

关 键 词：回避宪法判断原则 司法自制 违宪法律 个案衡量 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]