高原低氧适应遗传基因与非适应者的差异  

Diversity between genetic adaptation to hypoxia and non-adaptation in plateau residents

作　　者：刘忠[1] 李文华[2] 

机构地区：[1]西藏大学医学院,西藏自治区拉萨市850002 [2]西藏民族学院医学院,陕西省咸阳市712082

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2011年第7期1285-1289,共5页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：西藏科技厅科研基金(2010)~~

摘　　要：背景:从目前国内外高原医学研究内容来看,从高原适应机制角度上对遗传和环境因素的研究还不多,高原适应在多大程度上受遗传基因的调控还不十分清楚,高原适应人群必然存在不同于未适应人群的基因水平改变。目的:通过分析和总结近5年人们对体内相关的血红蛋白、酶、受体、多肽以及转录因子基因进行的一系列研究,找到一些高原世居者不同于非适应者的DNA多态性位点。方法:分别以中文检索词为"高原低氧适应;遗传学;DNA多态性",英文检索词为"Hypoxia adaptation to high altitude;Genetics;DNA polymorphisms"PubMed数据及万方数据库,排除与研究目的无关和内容重复者。保留40篇文献做进一步分析总结。结果与结论:高原低氧适应的遗传学研究着眼于高原低氧的生理学和病理生理学过程,紧密联系高原病发生相关的生物活性物质,结合低氧条件下的能量代谢改变,对一系列蛋白基因如HB相关基因、内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统相关基因、内皮素1基因、低氧诱导因子1α基因、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶基因、肺泡表面活性物质相关蛋白基因、调节生理反应的肾上腺β2受体,与能量代谢有关的葡萄糖转运体等进行研究,它们在高原世居者适应高原低氧环境中发挥着重要作用。BACKGROUND：The studies concerning heredity and environment to plateau adaptation are few.What degree does plateau adaptation regulated by genetic gene remains unclear thought there must be different gene changes in plateau residents from non-adaptation population.OBJECTIVE：To found the DNA polymorphism sites of plateau residents different from non-adaptation population by analyzing hemoglobin,enzyme,receptor,polypeptide and transcription factor in recent 5 years.METHODS：PubMed and Wanfang Databases were searched using key words of ＂hypoxia adaptation to high altitude,genetics,DNA polymorphisms＂.A total of 40 documents were analyzed after depleting irrespective and repetitive papers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Genetics studies concerning hypoxia adaptation focused on physiology and pathophysiological processes during hypoxia adaptation,including bioactive substance related to altitude disease,energy metabolism under hypoxia conditions,and a series of protein genes,such as HB related gene,endothelium nitric oxide synthase gene,hypoxia inducible factor-1α,glutathione S-transferase gene,rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone gene,glutathione S-transferase gene,pulmonary surfactant-associated protein genes,were play an important role in plateau residents to plateau adaptation.

关 键 词：高原 低氧适应 遗传学 DNA多态性 病理生理 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]