胶州湾外海洋倾倒区表层沉积物中的重金属及其潜在生态风险  

Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediment of the Dumping Ground Outside Jiaozhou Bay and Their Potential Ecological Risk

作　　者：张乃星[1] 曹丛华[1] 任荣珠[1] 孙旭[2] 林森[1] 张绍萍[1] 吴凤从[1] 孙滨[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局北海预报中心,青岛266033 [2]滨州技术学院,滨州256600

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第5期1315-1320,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室开放基金项目(MESE-2008-07);国家海洋局青年海洋科学基金项目(2010503);国家海洋局北海分局海洋科技立项项目(2010A01);中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室基金项目(KLMEES201003)

摘　　要：依据2003～2008年6 a间所获得的胶州湾外海洋倾倒区沉积物重金属(Cr、Hg、Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu)的调查数据,重点分析了2007年8月倾倒区重金属的分布特征和影响因素,并对重金属的潜在生态风险及6 a的年际变化趋势进行了初步的分析评价.结果表明,2007年8月调查海域沉积物表层中Cr、Hg、Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu的平均浓度(干重)分别为29.47、0.065、0.105、1.145、9.63、3.355μg/g.除Cr之外,表层沉积物中重金属的分布均呈现出倾倒区内含量高、倾倒区外部含量低的分布特征,这说明疏浚物的倾倒是该海区重金属污染的主要来源.有机碳与重金属(Cr除外)关系密切,二者呈一定的正相关关系.2007年倾倒区表层沉积物中重金属除Hg具有中等潜在生态风险外,其它均为低潜在生态风险,风险指数低于40.6 a间,该倾倒区沉积物中各种重金属含量(Hg除外)在小范围内波动并呈一定的下降趋势,重金属总体生态风险程度处于低潜在生态风险,这从重金属角度说明倾倒区沉积物质量良好.Based on the monitoring data of heavy metals（Cr,Hg,Cd,Pb,Zn,Cu） in the surface sediment of the dumping ground outside Jiaozhou Bay from 2003 to 2008,the distribution patterns,factors controlling the distribution,and the potential ecological risks of heavy metals were studied with the data in 2007-08,and the fluctuation trends of heavy metals in the surface sediment over the 6 years were also discussed.The average concentrations of heavy metals Cr,Hg,Cd,Pb,Zn,Cu in the surface sediment were 29.47,0.065,0.105,1.145,9.63,3.355 μg/g,respectively.Except for Cr,the concentration of heavy metals was high in the central dumping area while low outside the dumping ground,suggesting that the dredged material dumped was the main source of heavy metals.Organic carbon content in the surface sediment had a significant positive correlation with heavy metals except for Cr.Based on the results of ecological risk assessment,Hg had a medium potential ecological risk,while the other heavy metals had low potential ecological risk.The overall risk index（RI） of the heavy metals was 100.50,which was considered as a level of low potential ecological risk.The average concentration of heavy metals showed a decreasing trend over the 6 years,except Hg.In conclusion,the quality of surface sediment in term of heavy metals in the dumping ground outside Jiaozhou Bay is relatively good.

关 键 词：胶州湾 倾倒区 沉积物 重金属 生态风险 

分 类 号：X145[环境科学与工程—环境科学]