河南夏邑县长寿现象与土壤环境的关系  

Relationship Between Longevity and Soil Environment in Xiayi County,Henan Province,China

作　　者：邹晓燕[1,2] 李永华[1] 杨林生[1] 吕金妹[1,2] 李海蓉[1] 虞江萍[1] 王五一[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第5期1415-1421,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC03A11-07);科技部国际科技合作项目(2007DFC20180)

摘　　要：基于野外采样和室内分析,探讨了夏邑县土壤化学元素和长寿人口分布特征以及夏邑县不同乡镇间土壤元素的差异及其与长寿人口分布的相关性.结果表明,夏邑县长寿人口呈东北-西南方向带状分布,东北部95岁以上长寿人口平均为187位/百万人,西北部仅为83位/百万人;夏邑县土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn等重金属含量分别为(0.177±0.057)、(63.9±7.48)、(23.6±5.63)、(29.5±3.80)、(21.8±3.37)和(64.80±8.81)mg.kg-1,全部达到国家土壤环境质量二类标准.长寿乡土壤中Cr、Zn、K、Mg含量丰富.夏邑县土壤中K、Mg元素分别是河南省土壤环境背景值的1.30倍和1.79倍;是全国土壤环境背景值的1.21倍和2.62倍.李集、火店、中锋等百岁人口比例较低的乡镇,土壤低Se、低Zn、贫Cu、富Na.研究表明,富Cr、Zn、K、Mg且无重金属污染的土壤是区域长寿的一个重要原因,而土壤中Se、Zn、Cu、Na分布不均是限制夏邑县长寿人口分布的关键因素.Based on field investigation and laboratory analysis,exploration was done of distribution of macro and micro elements in the soils and distribution of longevity population in Xiayi County,Henan Province,China,and relationship between the spatial variation of the distribution of soil elements and the distribution of the longevity population.It was found that longevity population was distributed in a belt running across Xiayi county from northeast to southwest.In the northeast part,the longevity rate（over 95 years old） reached 187 per million and while in the northwest part,it was only 83.The concentrations of heavy metals such as Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn in Xiayi soils were（0.177 ± 0.057）,（63.9 ± 7.48）,（23.6 ± 5.63）,（29.5 ± 3.80）,（21.8 ± 3.37） and（64.80 ± 8.81） mg.kg-1,respectively,all up to the criteria for grade Ⅱ soils in the National Standard for Soil Environment Quality of China;Moreover,the soils in longevous areas were rich in Cr,Zn,K and Mg.K and Mg in Xiayi soils were 1.30 and 1.79 as times as high as the background value of Henan Province and 1.21 and 2.62 times that of the country,respectively.In Liji,Huodian and Zhongfeng where the centenarian rate was relatively low,the soils were low in Cu,Se and Zn,but high in Na.The findings clearly indicate that the soil rich in Cr,Zn,K and Mg and free of any heavy metal pollution is a major contributor to the longevity in the area,while uneven distribution of Se,Zn,Cu and Na in the soil is the key factor affecting the distribution of longevity population in Xiayi County.

关 键 词：长寿水平 土壤 夏邑县 元素含量 重金属 百岁老人 

分 类 号：X14[环境科学与工程—环境科学]