乌江流域不同营养水平水库水体中汞的含量和形态分布  

Distribution of total mercury and methylmercury in two hydroelectric reservoirs of Guizhou Province,China

作　　者：孟博[1,2] 冯新斌[1] 陈春宵[3] 仇广乐[1] 郭艳娜[1,2] 刘凯[1,2] 姚珩[1,2] 张军方[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第5期951-960,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40873085和40973083)资助

摘　　要：为了弄清不同营养状态水库水体的汞含量、形态分布、季节变化及甲基化特征,选取乌江流域富营养状态的乌江渡水库和贫-中营养状态的引子渡水库为研究对象,分别于2007年的1月(冬季)、5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和11月(秋季)采集水库水体分层水样及界面水(仅乌江渡水库),分析样品中活性汞(RHg)、总汞(THg)、溶解态汞(DHg)、颗粒态汞(PHg)、总甲基汞(TMeHg)、溶解态甲基汞(DMeHg)和颗粒态甲基汞(PMeHg)。结果显示:乌江渡水库THg、DHg、PHg、RHg浓度和引子渡水体中的含量相当,而TMeHg、DMeHg、PMeHg的浓度则显著高于引子渡水库;相对于上覆水体,乌江渡水库底层水体/界面水甲基汞含量明显升高,表明乌江渡水库全年均有甲基化现象发生,而引子渡水库没有发现甲基化现象。以上研究表明,初级生产力水平是水库汞甲基化的重要影响因素。To investigate the distribution of mercury（Hg） and characteristics of its methylation in Wujiangdu（WJD）,a reservoir with a high level of primary productivity,and in Yinzidu reservoir（YZD） with a low level of primary productivity,a fully adequate set of Hg species in water samples from a depth profile near of the dam in both reservoirs and from interface water in WJD were analyzed during winter（January 2007）,spring（May 2007）,summer（August 2007）,and autumn（November 2007）.The results showed that no significant difference was found between the levels of total mercury（THg）,dissolved mercury（DHg）,particulate mercury（PHg）,reactive mercury（RHg） in WJD and YZD.Elevated MeHg concentrations in water samples from the bottom and water/sediment interface demonstrated an active net Hg methylation near the dam of WJD during all the sampling periods.There was no discernable Hg methylation occurring in the YZD during our sampling seasons.Results indicate that the primary productivity is an important indicator of Hg methylation in reservoirs.

关 键 词：水库 不同营养水平 汞 甲基化 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]