三江平原土地利用方式改变对湿地汞含量的影响  

Effects of land use change on mercury content in Sanjiang Plain wetland

作　　者：张仲胜[1,2] 吕宪国[1] 王起超[1] 宋晓林[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第5期998-1003,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40830535);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2008ZX07208-009)资助

摘　　要：通过测定三江平原小叶章湿地、水稻田、玉米地土壤以及小叶章、乌拉苔草、毛果苔草、杨树叶及苔藓中的汞含量,探讨了湿地土壤和植物汞来源及分布特征,研究了土地利用方式变化对土壤汞含量的影响。结果表明,三江平原土壤汞含量0.006~0.208mg.kg-1,平均为0.053 mg.kg-1,高于黑龙江省土壤汞背景值含量。由表层至底层,小叶章湿地土壤中汞含量变化不大,水稻田及玉米地中汞含量变化较大。植物中汞含量表现为苔藓〉乌拉苔草〉小叶章〉毛果苔草〉杨树叶,其中苔藓中汞含量高达0.132 mg.kg-1。相关分析表明,土壤中汞含量与可溶性有机碳含量呈显著正相关（r=0.269,P〈0.05）。干湿沉降及植物对大气中汞的吸收可能是本地区土壤中汞的主要来源。湿地开垦为农田后,土壤中汞含量降低了45.6%,而旱田改为水田后,土壤中汞含量则增加了18.3%。This paper analyzed the mercury（Hg） content in the soils of Doyeuxia augustifolia marsh,corn field,and lowland rice field and in the plants of D.augustifolia,Carex meyeriana,C.lasiocarpa,poplar,and moss in Sanjiang Plain,aimed to approach the sources and distribution characteristics of soil and plant Hg in the Plain as well as the effects of land use change on the soil Hg content.The total Hg content in the soils was in the range of 0.006-0.208 mg·kg-1,with an average of 0.053 mg·kg-1,which was higher than the background value of the soils in Heilongjiang Province.From the top layer to the bottom,the Hg content in the soils changed little in D.augustifolia marsh,but varied greatly in corn field and lowland rice field.The Hg content in the plants was in the order of moss C.meyeriana D.augustifolia C.lasiocarpa poplar,among which,the Hg content in moss was up to 0.132 mg·kg-1.Correlation analysis suggested there was a significant positive relationship between soil Hg and dissolved organic carbon（r=0.269,P0.05）.Atmospheric dry and wet deposition and the plant uptake of atmospheric Hg could be the main Hg sources for the marsh.After the marshland was reclaimed into cropland,the soil Hg content was decreased by 45.6%,but after the upland field was changed into lowland field,the soil Hg content was increased by 18.3%.

关 键 词：三江平原 汞 小叶章湿地 水稻田 玉米地 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]