桂东黄菌的科学名称辨识兼及庆元黄靛的正名  

Recognition of the scientific name of Guidong Huangjun and correction of Qingyuan Huangdian

作　　者：谭著明[1] 申爱荣[1] 傅绍春[2] 刘小娟 唐树文 

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院菌根性食用菌研究开发中心,湖南长沙410004 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201106 [3]桂东县科技局,湖南桂东423500 [4]桂东县林业局,湖南桂东423500

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2011年第2期9-13,41,共6页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技部"863"项目(2007AA021506);湖南省农业成果转化基金项目(2008NK4027)

摘　　要：用形态分类和ITS序列分析法对湖南桂东黄菌进行了鉴定,用基于Bayians理论和Markov chain Monte Carl(MCMC)算法的MrBayes3.1.2软件,将桂东黄菌与Genbank中牛肝菌科40个物种85个ITS序列进行系统发育树分析。结果表明,以欧洲缘盖牛肝菌(Boletus appendiculatus)ITS序列为外群,湖南桂东黄菌与来自浙江庆元的所谓"缘盖牛肝菌"的两个序列以97%的后概率聚为一支,并与云南小美牛肝菌(Boletus speciosus)之ITS序列以79%的后概率聚为一支,而与欧洲缘盖牛肝菌ITS序列相比,谱系关系相距较远。认为,桂东黄菌的科学名称应为小美牛肝菌,庆元所产原名为缘盖牛肝菌的种类也应更正为小美牛肝菌。用MrBayes软件进行ITS序列分析的方法,对于在缺乏模式标本的情况下,难以准确识别的大型菌物种类的鉴定不失为一种可资借鉴的有效方法。鉴于小美牛肝菌较高的食用价值和强劲的市场需求,有必要加强栽培、促产等方面的研究。The Huangjun at Guidong County,Hunan Province was identified with both morphological method and ITS sequence analysis method,and ITS sequence of DNA from mycelia of Huangjun produced at Guidong was compared with that of so called Boletus appendiculatus（Huangdian） produced at Qingyuan County,Zhejiang Province,and with that of B.speciosus produced in Yunnan Province with MrBayes 3.1.2,which was clustered with species from Qingyuan to a clade with posterior rate of 97% in the phylogenic consensus tree and were together clustered with B.speciosus from Yunnan to a clade with posterior rate of 79%.However,all of above ITS sequences never clustered with B.appendiculatus from European to a clade.The result showed that the scientific name of Huangjun at Guidong County should be B.speciosus,and so-called B.apppendiculatus（Huangdian） in Zhejiang would be also changed to B.speciosus.It is an effective way to be used for reference to identify those fungi which were difficult to distinguish exactly from each other when lacking of model specimen.In the light of its high edible value and great demanding market,the B.speciosus would be paid more attention and need more continuing financial support so that further deep and detail researches,such as cultivation,yield improving,and so on,could be done.

关 键 词：小美牛肝菌 缘盖牛肝菌 ITS序列 谱系树 MRBAYES 

分 类 号：S567.39[农业科学—中草药栽培]