外部性脑积水的临床和CT、MR征象分析  

An Analysis of CT and MRI Signs of External Hydrocephalus

作　　者：龙晚生[1] 罗学毛[1] 汤积耀[1] 赵汝庸[1] 张朝桐[1] 李卓永[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省江门市中心医院放射科

出　　处：《临床放射学杂志》1999年第8期494-496,共3页Journal of Clinical Radiology

基　　金：广东省卫生厅青年基金

摘　　要：目的：进一步探讨外部性脑积水（ＥＨ）的病因以及ＣＴ和ＭＲ征象的特点。材料与方法：回顾性分析１３５例ＥＨ的ＣＴ和１９例的ＭＲ资料，其中５例为头颅ＣＴ常规平扫后加侧位扫描，５例为头部ＭＲ常规后加俯卧位扫描，分别测量蛛网膜下腔、纵裂池、环池、鞍上池和外侧裂的宽度，并设５０例正常同龄儿为对照组。结果：①７１例ＥＨ的病因为ＨＩＥ。②ＥＨ时蛛网膜下腔的平均宽度为５．３５ｍｍ，与正常组的２．３３ｍｍ有显著性差异，而脑底池两组的结果虽然不同，但无显著性差异。③５例侧卧位ＣＴ扫描向下侧蛛网膜下腔较仰卧位时变窄，５例俯卧位ＭＲ检查增宽的蛛网膜下腔向枕叶方向移位。结论：①ＨＩＥ为ＥＨ的重要病因之一。②ＥＨ时蛛网膜下腔增宽局限于脑的前半部是由于体位所致。Objective: To make a further study of the etiology of external hydrocephalus (EH) and its features on CT scan and MRI . Materials and Methods:EH findings on CT scan (n= 135) and MRI (n=19) were retrospectively analyz ed. Craniocerebral CT scanning in supine and lateral recumbent position was perf ormed in 5 cases. Craniocerebral MR scanning in supine and prone position was ma de in 5 cases. The width of subarachnoid space, supraseller cistern, cistern amb iens and lateral fissure was measured. Fifty normal infants with same age were s elected as control group. Results: (1) EH was caused by hypoxic ischemic encephalopa thy (HIE) in 71 patients. (2) The average width of subarachnoid space in EH grou p was 5.35mm, being significantly different from that in control group (2.33mm). No significant difference was found between two groups in basal cistern width. (3) In 5 cases, the subarachnoid space of pendulous side, i.e. the side proximal to the CT scan table, was narrower when scanned on lateral recumbent position t han that scanned on supine position. In 5 cases, the widened subarachnoid space was displaced toward occipital lobe on MRI when the patient was scanned on prone position. Conclusion: (1) HIE is one of the main causes for HE. (2) It is due to the scanning position that the subarachnoid space enlargement in E H is usually demonstrated in the anterior part of the skull.

关 键 词：外部性 脑积水 新生儿 CT MR 

分 类 号：R742.704[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R816.1[医药卫生—临床医学]