复杂风况条件下戈壁输沙量变化规律的研究  

Variation of Gobi Sand Transport Amount under Multi-wind Directions

作　　者：张伟民[1] 王涛[1] 汪万福[2] 张国彬[2] 邱飞[2] 詹鸿涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]敦煌研究院保护研究所,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第3期543-549,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-EW-313);国家自然科学基金项目(40671022);敦煌研究重点科研基地开放课题(200911)资助

摘　　要：戈壁输沙量与输沙势的定量关系一直是风沙地貌及风沙工程的关键科学问题之一。对莫高窟顶戈壁输沙量的长期监测(2008年5月至2009年4月)结果表明,窟顶戈壁输沙势为129VU,窟顶北侧的总输沙量约905kg.m-1左右。其中,偏东风输沙量达500 kg.m-1,偏西风输沙量达320 kg.m-1。当风速大于11 m.s-1时,戈壁风沙发生长距离的输送,偏西风可将265 kg.m-1的沙量输送到窟区,偏东风可将410 kg.m-1的沙量吹回到鸣沙山。根据本区偏东风强盛,且偏东风戈壁输沙量大于偏西风输沙量的特点,提出了以固为主,输导结合的莫高窟风沙防治的主导思路。认为在窟顶构建一个既能阻截沙物质,又能对阻截的沙物质进行输导的人工戈壁床面是完全可行的。The quantitative relationship between gobi sand transport amount and drift potential is still a key scientific problem in the subject of both aeolian geomorphology and sand controlling engineering. By monitoring the sand transport rate over gobi surface above the Mogao Grottoes from May 2008 to April 2009, the characteristics of sand transport under complex wind regimes and different sand sources were studied. The results show the drift potential （DP） in the region is 129 VU. The calculated total sand transport rate over the northern gobi above the Mogao Grottoes is 905 kg. m^-1 or so, of which 500 kg. m^-1 is transported by easterly winds, while 320 kg. m^-1 is blown by westerly winds. When the wind velocity is bigger than 11 m.s 1, about 265 kg. m^-1 of sands are transported from the Mingsha Mountain to the top of grottoes by westerly winds, and 410 kg. m^-1 of sands are blown back to the Mingsha Mountain by easterly winds. Based on the above results, it is feasible to block sand coming from the Mingsha Mountain and to remove the intercepted sand from moving back to the Mingsha Mountain as well as to construct an artificial gobi bed on the top of the Mogao Grottoes.

关 键 词：输沙量 输沙势 多风信 戈壁 莫高窟 

分 类 号：X169[环境科学与工程—环境科学]