北冰洋微型浮游生物分布及其多样性  

The abundance and diversity of nanoplankton in Arcitic Ocean

作　　者：郭超颖[1,2] 王桂忠[1] 张芳[2] 蔡明红[2] 何剑锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋系,海洋与环境国家重点实验室,福建厦门361005 [2]国家海洋局极地科学重点实验室,中国极地研究中心,上海200136

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第10期2897-2905,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40576002,41076130);国家海洋局青年基金项目(2010116)

摘　　要：近年来随着全球气候变化对北冰洋生态环境的影响日益显现,北极微型浮游生物生态学研究得到了广泛的重视和实质性的进展。对北冰洋微型浮游生物的主要类群:异养细菌、古菌、光合异养原核生物和微型真核生物的分布及其多样性研究进展做了概述,并在此基础上展望了未来北冰洋微型浮游生物学研究。Asthe most abundant and the most taxonomically and genetically diverse organisms in the marine ceosystem,nanoplankton predominate in the marine system concerning their bioactivity,biomass,and production.They play an important role in the carbon fixation process in the Arctic Ocean,and are an important component to regulate the biosphere.Furtherly,nanoplankton can be an important indicator of the changing environment,since the changes in the community,structure and biomass of nanoplankton reflect the changes in the pathways of nutrient and energy transferring in the food web and the changes in the biogeochemical cycle.Recently,ecology study of the Arctic nanoplankton has been paid more attention due to the increasing impacts of climate change on the Arctic marine ecosystems.Substantial progress has been achieved.The Arctic heterotrophic bacteria were reported to resemble those in the seas of lower altitudes in their high abundance and biomass with seasonal successions.Particle-associated bacteria often show a higher specific metabolic activity than the free-living communities.So far,there are few reports on the proteorhodopsin（PR）-containing bacteria.High diversity has been reported for this group in the Chukchi Sea,which can be attribute to yariable bacteria communities.A large number of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic（AAP） bacteria have been found in the Chukchi Sea with a distinctly seasonal succession.The photosynthetic group in the Arctic Ocean was found to be mostly composed with the nanoplankton（≤20μm）,described as a polar ecotype of the small prasinophyte Micromonas.The high correlation between the abundance of coccoid cynaobacteria and temperature results their low abundance at the high latitudes There are only a few studies of Synechococcus in the coastal Arctic Ocean.The Micromonas is proved to be ubiquitous throughout the Arctic Ocean,especially at the chlorophyll-maximum layer,and may be a major contributor to the primary production in the Arctic Ocean.Until now little is known about th

关 键 词：北冰洋 微型浮游生物 异养细菌 古菌 丰度 多样性 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]