不动杆菌D10对土壤中对硫磷的降解  

Biodegradation of Parathion in Soil by Acinetobacter sp. D10

作　　者：姜莉[1] 史艳芳[2] 刘鑫[1] 李志明[2] 张雪雨[2] 姜彬慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳出入境检验检疫局.沈阳110016 [2]东北大学资源与土木工程学院.沈阳110004

出　　处：《科技导报》2011年第13期33-39,共7页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：2008年辽宁省科技计划重大、重点项目(2008215002);2008沈阳市大型科学仪器设备共享服务专项(2008gx-019)

摘　　要：为了考查微生物对农药污染土壤的修复作用,本文从受农药污染的土壤中筛选出一株对对硫磷有降解作用的菌株D10。采用室内培养方法,根据其形态特征、生理生化特性和16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定D10为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter sp.)的微生物。通过分光光度比浊法研究其最佳生长条件,结果表明,D10的最佳生长温度为28℃,最佳培养初始pH值为6.0—7.0。D10生长周期较短,在营养培养基中培养24h就可达到最大生物量,其培养的最佳C、N源,分别为柠檬酸钠和酵母粉。利用气相色谱检测菌株D10对对硫磷的降解作用,其24h的对硫磷降解率达到83.1%。通过对模拟污染土壤中对硫磷的降解效果的研究,结果表明,在农药污染的土壤中对硫磷浓度为100mg/kg时,D10对对硫磷农药7d的降解率达到66.7%,显示D10对对硫磷污染土壤具有较强的修复作用。Organophosphorus pesticides are worldwide widely used to control agricultural and household pests. Overall, organophosphorus compounds account for the 38% of total pesticides used globally. Parathion is a virulent organophosphate insecticide with perfect insecticidal efficiency. However, it is also highly toxic and harmful to human and other creatures. In order to investigate microbial remediation of soil polluted by pesticides, a strain D10 of parathion-degrading is obtained by selective enrichment culture from the pesticides-contaminated soil. Parathion could be used by D10 as a sole carbon source. D10 is identified as Acinetobacter sp. based on the morphological, physiochemical characters and 16S rDNA sequence analyses. The optimal growth temperature for D10 in shaking flasks is 28℃, and the optimal pH is 6.0--7.0. The optimal carbon and nitrogen source are sodium citrate and yeast powder, respectively. D10 grows fast and reaches at the maximum biomass after 24 hours incubation in nutrient medium. The D10-degradation rate of parathion is determined by using the Gas Chromatography （GC）, and is 83.1% after 24 hours. The bio-degradation rate of parathion in simulated and sterilized contamination soils with 100 mg. kg-1 parathion concentration reaches at 66.7% after seven days inoculation. The result shows that the D10 has a great practical value in the remediation of contaminated soils by parathion.

关 键 词：环境生物学 对硫磷 不动杆菌属 生物降解 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]