猪场沼液对蔬菜病原菌的抑制作用  

Inhibitory effect of biogas slurry from swine farm on some vegetable pathogen

作　　者：尚斌[1] 陈永杏[1] 陶秀萍[1] 董红敏[1] 黄宏坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业部畜牧环境设施设备质量监督检验测试中心农业部农业环境与气候变化重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第9期2509-2515,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：亚洲银行项目(PCR-1924);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ10B00);国家生猪现代产业技术体系建设项目(nycytx-009)

摘　　要：用不同贮存时间的猪场沼液对7种蔬菜病原菌的抑制作用进行了研究。结果表明,新鲜猪场沼液原液对番茄灰霉病菌、番茄早疫病菌、辣椒疫病菌、黄瓜炭疽病菌和茄子灰霉病菌有较强的抑制作用,沼液贮存对番茄灰霉病菌、番茄早疫病菌和茄子灰霉病菌的抑制效果没有显著影响,但对辣椒疫病菌和黄瓜炭疽病菌的抑制效果影响显著;新鲜猪场沼液滤液对番茄灰霉病菌和茄子灰霉病菌有较强的抑制作用,沼液滤液贮存对番茄灰霉病菌和茄子灰霉病菌的抑菌效果没有显著影响。In recent years,the ecological environment of west China has encountered serious problems.On one hand,large piles of manure from livestock have caused environmental pollution,while a large amount of vegetation has been destroyed to meet the rural energy shortage,which leads to further ecological degradation.Biogas projects have been rapidly developed because they can deal with the animal wastes while providing energy.However,the rapid development of biogas projects has also introduced a further difficulty of biogas slurry treatment and utilization,which has became the primary limiting factor for further development of biogas projects and the sustainable development of agriculture in west China.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct research on the technologies for biogas slurry treatment and utilization.The effects of application of biogas slurry from swine farms on seven different vegetable pathogens,namely Fulvia fulva,Botrytis cinerea pers,Aletnaria solani,Phytophthora capsici Len,Pythium aphanidermatum,Glomerella cingulata var orbicularis Jenkins Winstead et mc Combs,Botrytis cinerea,were studied in vitro using the plate diffusion method.The results showed that the inhibition of biogas slurry was different for different pathogens.The fresh biogas slurry strongly inhibited the growth of Botrytis cinerea pers,Aletnaria solani,Phytophthora capsici Len,Glomerella cingulata var orbicularis Jenkins Winstead et mc Combs and Botrytis cinerea.The fresh filtrate of biogas slurry had obvious inhibitory effects on Botrytis cinerea pers and Botrytis cinerea.The inhibitory rates were affected by the time the biogas slurry was applied,and the inhibitory rates on Botrytis cinerea pers,Aletnaria solani,Botrytis cinerea did not change significantly with the time of the application.The biogas slurry application at certain time had higher inhibitory rates on Phytophthora capsici Len and Glomerella cingulata var orbicularis Jenkins Winstead et mc Combs.No significant difference was observed between the inhibitory effect of filtrate

关 键 词：沼气 农田利用 微生物 抑菌 环境保护 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]