季铵盐在土壤中的吸附行为  

Adsorption of quaternary ammonium salts on soils

作　　者：王钦钦[1] 周飞[1] 孙玉寒[1] 刘翠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西安工程大学学报》2011年第2期220-224,共5页Journal of Xi’an Polytechnic University

摘　　要：通过静态吸附实验研究了土壤对季铵盐的吸附行为,进行吸附等温线的测定并考察吸附时间、吸附温度、土壤有机质含量对吸附效率的影响.结果表明,3种不同土样对季铵盐的吸附等温线均较好地符合Langmuir吸附模式,并且计算得到各方程组成的参数项数值都能较好地反映土壤的吸附特性.季铵盐在土壤中的吸附过程很快,振荡30min即已达到最大吸附率的90%,1h就达到了吸附平衡.温度的升高不利于季铵盐在土壤中的吸附,温度从25℃升高到45℃,季铵盐的饱和吸附量从32.0mg.g-1降低到29.9 mg.g-1,吸附量与土壤有机质含量具有线性关系,随着有机质含量的增大而增大.Static adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption of quaternary ammonium salts on soils and to determine the adsorption isotherms.The influence of adsorptive time,adsorptive temperature,soil organic matter content on the efficiency of absorption were investigated.The results indicate that the adsorption isotherms of quaternary ammonium salts on three soils could be well described by the Langmuir type.The constants of each equation calculated from the experimental data could indicate well the characterisics of soils adsorption.The adsorption of quaternary ammonium salts is very fast,close to 90% of the greatest adsorption rate after 30min oscillation and achieves to the equilibrium just after 1h.The increase of temperature is not favourable to adsorption of quaternary ammonium salts on soils.The maximum adsorbed quantity of quaternary ammonium salts decreases from 32.0 mg·g-1 to 29.9 mg·g-1 with increasing temperature from 25℃ to 45℃.The adsorption capacity of quaternary ammonium salts increases when pH value increases.There is a positive relationship between the absorptive capacity and soil organic matter content.

关 键 词：季铵盐 土壤 吸附 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]