甘肃窑街煤的两级溶剂萃取及萃取物分析  

Analysis of Extracts from Gansu Yaojie Coal with Two Solvent Using Extraction in Batches

作　　者：戴冬瑾[1] 秦志宏[1] 李培钊 陈德仁[1] 闫玉杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]陕西黄陵煤化工有限责任公司,陕西延安727307

出　　处：《广州化工》2011年第9期16-18,50,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50874108);国家自然科学基金委员会创新研究群体科学基金(50921002)

摘　　要：采用正己烷和甲醇两种溶剂对甘肃窑街煤进行索氏分级分次萃取,研究了一定时间段内该煤样萃取率的变化规律,并采用FTIR和GC对各次萃取物进行分析,研究可检测化合物的组成、结构和溶出规律。结果表明:该煤样的两级累积萃取率与累积萃取时间均服从一定的函数关系。小分子化合物的溶出过程符合秦志宏提出的"前期溶出的主要为游离态小分子,中期开始部分溶出的主要为微孔嵌入态小分子,后期溶出的主要为网络嵌入态小分子"的溶出规律;小分子化合物的溶出具有连续性、时序性、特殊性等特点。第一级正己烷萃取物中,脂肪族化合物与含羰基、醇、酚、醚等的含氧化合物占据重要地位,芳香族化合物含量较少且主要为单核芳香族化合物,第二级甲醇萃取物中则主要是聚合度较高的芳香族化合物,含氧基团主要为醌基和芳香酮。N-hexane and methanol were used as solvents to extract the Gansu Yaojie Coal.The extraction yields of the coal were investigated in order to find some laws and the extractions of coal sample were analyzed with GC and FTIR.The results indicated that the extraction yields had some function relation with the extraction time.The dissolution process of small molecules corresponds the theory which was propounded during the extraction process,the early dissolution of small molecules exist mainly in free state,while the middle part of the dissolution,the existing state was micro-aperture embedding,and at the late state of small molecules were network embedding.The dissolution of small molecular compounds had the characteristic of continuity,time-order,and specialist.In the first stage of coal extracted in hexane,aliphatic and carbonyl-containing,alcohols,phenols,ethers and other oxygenated compounds occupied an important position,aromatic compounds were very low and mainly mononuclear aromatic compound,the second grade methanol extracts were mainly high degree of polymerization of aromatic compounds,and containing groups based mainly were quinone and aromatic ketones.

关 键 词：索氏萃取 萃取率 FTIR GC 

分 类 号：O652.62[理学—分析化学]