脑卒中患者康复期的日常生活能力及认知功能状况  

Activities of Daily Living and Cognitive Status for Patients with Stroke in Recovery Stage

作　　者：杨燕[1] 沈顺娣[1] 韩燕红[1] 樊广艳[1] 陈鸿宾[1] 孔爽[1] 范玉娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院护理学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2011年第8期6-8,11,共4页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：湖北省卫生厅基金(JX4C45);湖北医药学院大学生科研基金(2009XSB01)

摘　　要：目的探讨脑卒中患者康复期日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living,ADLs)及认知功能的动态变化。方法以2008年12月至2009年11月出院的脑卒中患者为研究对象,分别于患者出院前以及出院后3周、3个月、6个月进行ADLs及认知功能的调查。结果患者认知恢复较慢,仅出院后6个月的认知功能水平显著高于出院前(P<0.05),4个调查时点的认知功能缺损率分别为34.6%、26.0%、24.5%、21.1%;ADLs水平及独立能力持续提高,依赖率分别为62.0%、45.2%、38.9%、32.2%,出院后各个阶段的Barthel指数评分均高于出院前(P<0.05);认知功能障碍组的ADLs依赖水平显著高于正常组(P<0.05)。结论脑卒中患者的自然康复缓慢,且ADLs依赖水平与认知功能恢复有关,建立医院-社区-家庭的卒中康复训练模式是当务之急。Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in the activity of daily living（ADLs） and cognitive status among stroke patients during the 6-month follow-up after stroke.Methods From December 2008 to November 2009,the data on ADLs and cognitive status were collected on 179 discharged stroke patients before discharge and in the 3rd week,3rd month as well as 6th month after discharge.Results The natural cognition recovery was relative slow in stroke patients.The cognition level in the 6th month after discharge was significant higher than that before discharge（P0.05）.The prevalence of cognitive impairment were 34.6%,26.0%,24.5%,21.1% respectively during the four intervals.The ADLs levels and the independency rates were improving all the time.The dependency rates were 62.0%,45.2%,38.9%,32.2% respectively.The post-discharge Barthel Index scores at different stages were superior to those before discharge（P0.05）.The patients with impaired cognition were more dependent on ADLs than those with normal cognition（P0.05）.Conclusion The natural rehabilitation of stroke is slow,and the ADLs level is correlated with cognitive function.Therefore,it＇s urgent to establish hospital-community-family rehabilitation training model for stroke patients.

关 键 词：脑卒中 日常生活能力 认知功能 康复期 动态变化 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R395.1[医药卫生—临床医学]