略论乡村民事纠纷解决的有效性与经济性  

Change in Social Structures and the Ways of Rural Civil Disputes Resolution

作　　者：蓝寿荣[1] 胡圣知[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学人文学院,武汉430073

出　　处：《湖北第二师范学院学报》2011年第3期65-68,共4页Journal of Hubei University of Education

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目(08JA710030)

摘　　要：解放后,全国农村普遍以乡镇行政体制代替了解放前的宗族制度。人民公社制度使国家政权深入到中国农村基层社会。1982年中国农村取消人民公社制恢复了乡镇建制并在农村建立村民自治机构——村民委员会。随着这种社会结构的变迁,乡村民事纠纷的调解机制也经历了民间调解、半官半民调解、诉讼的变化,并逐步向民间调解和诉讼发展。但无论是诉讼还是非诉讼,在乡村解决民事纠纷都面临一个有效性和经济性的课题。完善乡村民间纠纷解决,首先要高度重视、鼓励纠纷当事人协商和解;其次要提高人民调解的及时性与公正性;再次要求仲裁走向乡村,便捷、低价为村民服务;最后,要完善诉讼解决纠纷模式,下决心降低诉讼成本,提高诉讼效率。The study on change of social structures and the ways of solving rural civil disputes has the important theoretical and practical significance.In the article,the author analyzes the change of the rural social structures in our country and their impacts on the civil dispute resolutions.The paper presents the idea that whether litigation or non-litigation is facing an issue on validity and cost in solving the rural civil disputes.On this basis,the article proposes some viewpoints on the resolvents of civil disputes as follows： first,we should support and encourage the parties in dispute to negotiate about it;next,we must make mediations between people more timely and impartial;moreover,we should provide the villagers with convenient and low-cost services of arbitrating civil disputes;finally,we will improve judicial dispute resolution mode and be determined to reduce the litigation costs and enhance the efficiency of the proceedings.

关 键 词：乡村社会 社会结构变迁 民事纠纷 纠纷解决 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]