减量化肥与有机材料配施对大头菜产量品质的影响  

Effect of Reduced Rate of Chemical Fertilizer Applied in Combination with Organic Material on the Yield and Quality of Rutabaga(Brassica napobrassica L.)

作　　者：张海波[1] 张晓璟[1] 徐卫红[1] 王正银[1] 谢德体[1] 王慧先[1] 陈贵青[1] 韩桂琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期36-41,共6页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(Nycytx-35-gw16);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10)资助

摘　　要：采用田间试验研究了减量化肥与菌渣配施对大头菜产量、营养品质、硝酸盐含量及养分含量的影响.结果表明：当化肥减量小于30%和菌渣配施可增加大头菜菜头的产量,增幅为5.4%~11.6%,产量从高到低依次为：大头菜专用肥（二）80%＋菌渣中量,大头菜专用肥（一）80%＋菌渣中量,化肥80%＋菌渣中量,化肥90%＋菌渣低量.适当减量化肥与菌渣配施还能提高大头菜氨基酸含量、菜叶的的NPK含量和菜头K的含量,降低菜头硝酸盐含量6.7%~38.3%.In a field experiment,rutabaga（Brassica napobrassica L.） plants were subjected to 7 fertilization treatments（T1,generally-used compound fertilizer 90% ＋ spent mushroom compost（SMC） at 9 000 kg/hm2;T2,generally-used compound fertilizer 80% ＋ SMC at 12 000 kg/hm2;T3,generally-used compound fertilizer 70% ＋ SMC at 15 000 kg/hm2;T4,special compound fertilizer I 100% ＋ SMC at 12 000 kg/hm2;T5,special compound fertilizer I 80% ＋ SMC at 12 000 kg/hm2;T6,special compound fertilizer II 100% ＋ SMC at 12 000 kg/hm2;and T7,special compound fertilizer II 80% ＋ SMC at 12 000 kg/hm2）,with generally-used compound fertilizer 100% as the control（CK）,to investigate the influence of combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic materials on the yield,nutritive quality,nitrate accumulation and nutrient contents of the plants.The results showed that combined application of chemical fertilizer and SMC increased the yield of B.napobrassica by 5.4%~11.6% when application rate of chemical fertilizer was reduced by 30%.The yield of B.napobrassica was in order of T7T5T2T1.The content of amino acid and contents of N,P and K in leaves,and content of K in the fleshy root increased by combined application of chemical fertilizer at a moderately reduced rate and SMC,and nitrate content in the fleshy root decreased by 6.7%~38.3%.

关 键 词：减量施肥 菌渣 有机无机肥配施 大头菜 产量品质 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]