身份嬗变与中国当代“新台阁体”诗词的形成──郭沫若旧体诗词创作转型论  

Identity Evolution and the Formation of "New Tai GE Style" in Contemporary China:A Discussion on Guo Moruo's Old Poetry Transformation

作　　者：李遇春[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2011年第3期136-150,160,共15页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：2009年度教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-1-0407)项目"中国现当代旧体诗词研究"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：郭沫若的旧体诗词创作完整地经历了由"现代"向"当代"的转型过程,其中隐含了中国现当代旧体诗词内在诗学转换的逻辑进程。从身份角度考察,这一转型表现为一种由"多"归"一"的蜕变。郭沫若建国前的主要身份有三种:诗人、学者和社会政治活动家。由此带来了郭沫若旧体诗词创作的三种类型:"诗人之诗"、"学人之诗"和"士人之诗"。这三种身份在建国前大体呈现为互补融合的状貌,由此带来了三种类型旧体诗词的异彩纷呈和彼此交融。建国后,随着郭沫若政治身份的凸显和强化,其诗人身份和学者身份相应淡化或弱化。由此带来了"诗人之诗"和"学人之诗"被消解或遮蔽,而"士人之诗"被过分地放大和拔高,以至蜕变成纯粹的"仕人之诗"。这种艺术蜕变直接导致在新中国旧体诗坛上形成了一种以郭沫若为首的"新台阁体"诗词。这种特殊的诗体类型主要受到古代"颂"、"赋"的熏染,"以赋为诗"和"以赋为词"是其典型特征。"新台阁体"诗词的出现影响深远,不仅在上世纪50至70年代风行一时,而且新时期以来旧体诗坛上常遭人訾议的"老干体"正是"新台阁体"的延续和变异。Guo Moruo has experienced a complete transformation by creation of old poetry from 'modern' to 'contemporary',which implies a logical progress of an internal poetic conversion of Chinese modern and contemporary old poetry.On the view of personal identity this transformation shows its disintegration from 'many' to 'single'.Before the establishment of China Guo Moruo was identified as a poet,scholar,social and political activist,which lead to the three types of Guo Moruo's old poetry creation:'poem of poets','poem of learners' and 'poem of scholars'.The three identities existed in compensation and compromise before the establishment of new China as result of characteristic and harmonious combination of the three old poetries.After the establishment of new China,when Guo’s political identity was clearer and more focusing and his poetic and academic identity was weakened and neglected,the 'poem of poet' and the 'poem of learners' are counteracted and hidden.The 'poem of scholars' was so much magnified and ungraded that it turned to be pure 'poem of politicians'.This disintegration directly brings about 'New Tai Ge Styled' poems headed by Guo Moruo in the old styled poetry in new China.This style of poetry is mainly influenced by ancient 'Song' and 'Fu' featured with 'Song as poem' and 'Fu as phrase'.'New Tai Ge Style' became influential as it came into being and became popular between 1950 and 1970.In fact,the controversial poetry style of 'Lao Gan Ti' in the modern period of China is continuation and derivation of 'New Tai Ge Style'.

关 键 词：郭沫若 中国现当代旧体诗词 创作转型 诗学转换 新台阁体诗词 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]