富营养化水体中铵态氮对金鱼藻生长的影响  

EFFECTS OF AMMONIA ON GROWTH OF CERATOPHYLLUM DEMERSUM IN EUTROPHIC WATER

作　　者：高镜清[1,2] 燕启社[1] 黄五星[2] 熊治廷[2] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学环境科学研究院化学系,河南郑州450001 [2]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2011年第5期611-616,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：973项目"湖泊富营养化过程与蓝藻水华暴发机理研究"(2002CB412300)

摘　　要：通过控制pH（7和9）范围以区分分子态氨（NH3）和离子态氨（NH＋4）,研究了不同浓度铵态氮（NH＋4-N）对金鱼藻生长的影响。研究结果表明：金鱼藻相对生长速率的变化范围为每天-0.10~0.03。在分子态氨浓度小于0.22 mg/L时,铵态氮对金鱼藻的毒性是由离子态氨和分子态氨共同作用。在分子态氨达到最大浓度4.39mg/L时,金鱼藻的生长速率显著减少,直至死亡。随着铵态氮浓度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,金鱼藻体内碳氮比下降,叶绿素含量下降,光合作用减弱,相对生长速率下降。试验结果为合理利用金鱼藻来改善水质提供科学依据,同时也为研究分子态氨对沉水植物的胁迫作用提供参考。In this experiment,pH ranges（7 and 9） were carefully controlled to distinguish the effect of the un-ionised NH3 and the NH＋4 ion.The objective was to find the effect of total ammonia nitrogen concentration and pH on growth of Ceratophyllum demersum.The results showed that relative growth rates（RGR） varied between-0.10 and 0.03 per day.The toxicity of total ammonia to C.demersum was a result of the effect of both ionised and un-ionised forms at low NH3 concentrations（0.22 mg/L）.Relative growth rates of C.demersum decreased linearly with increasing NH3 concentrations up to a maximum level（4.39 mg/L）,above which C.demersum died.As the time of ammonia stress prolonged and ammonia content increased,these ammonia additions decreased carbon-to-nitrogen ratios and Chlorophyll contents of C.demersum.At the same time,these ammonia additions weakened photosynthesis and decreased relative growth rate of C.demersum.According to the test results,the scientific basis can be taken to improve water quality by using C.demersum.And the result also can provide reference for studying the living condition of submersed macrophytes under the stress of the un-ionised NH3.

关 键 词：富营养化水体 铵态氮 金鱼藻 生长 生理 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]