上海市典型家庭室内空气中PCBs与PBDEs初步研究  

Preliminary Study of PCBs and PBDEs in Indoor Air Samples Collected from Typical Houses in Shanghai

作　　者：刘洋[1] 冀秀玲[1] 马静[2] 徐刚[2] 吴明红[2] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200436

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第5期482-488,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：教育部霍英东优选项目(114044);国家自然科学基金项目(40973073;40830744)

摘　　要：于2008年12月─2009年3月用PUF被动采样器采集了上海市6个典型家庭室内的空气样本,利用GC-EI-MS和GC-NCI-MS法分别测定了样本中14种多氯联苯(PCBs)和7种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的质量浓度,采用GC-ECD法测定了ρ(BDE-209).结果表明:ρ(ΣPCBs)为313.84～753.79 pg m3,平均值为442.09 pg m3;ρ(ΣPBDEs)为0.62～83.35 pg m3,平均值为21.83 pg m3;ρ(BDE-209)为114.9～221.19 pgm3,平均值为185.58 pg m3.与文献报道相比,上海市家庭室内空气中ρ(ΣPCBs)处于中等水平,ρ(ΣPBDEs)略低,但ρ(BDE-209)明显高于其他地区.儿童和成人对PCBs的日均暴露量达到1 980和4 772 pg d,对PBDEs的日均暴露量达到930和2 241 pg d.PCBs和PBDEs能够引起人体生物毒性效应,因此,作为在室内空气中普遍存在的有机污染物,其持续低剂量的暴露应引起重视.Polyurethane foam（PUF） passive sampling equipment was used to collect indoor air samples from six typical houses in Shanghai from December 2008 to March 2009.The mass concentrations of PCBs（ΣPCBs） and PBDEs（BDE-28,BDE-47,BDE-100,BDE-99,BDE-154,BDE-153 and BDE-183,ΣPBDEs） in the PUF samples were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry with electron impact（GC-EI-MS） and gas chromatography mass spectrometry with negative chemical ionization（GC-NCI-MS）.BDE-209 was analyzed using GC-ECD.The results showed that the mass concentrations of ΣPCBs ranged from 313.84 to 753.79 pgm3,with the average value being 442.09 pgm3;the mass concentrations of ΣPBDEs ranged from 0.62 to 83.35 pgm3,with the average value being 21.83 pgm3;and the mass concentrations of BDE-209 ranged from 114.9 to 221.19 pgm3,with the average value being 185.58 pgm3.The ΣPCBs mass concentrations were among the intermediate values of concentration ranges reported worldwide.The ΣPBDEs mass concentrations were slightly lower than those values reported from other places in the world,while the BDE-209 mass concentrations were obviously higher than those reported worldwide.For children and adults,the exposure to PCBs was estimated to be 1980 and 4772 pg d respectively,and the exposure of PBDEs was estimated to be 930 and 2241 pg d respectively.Studies have shown that PCBs and PBDEs can cause human body biological toxicity effects.Therefore,since the organic contaminant existed in the indoor air,we should pay careful attention to sustained low-dose exposure of these contaminants.

关 键 词：室内空气 多溴联苯醚 多氯联苯 人体暴露 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]