马赫原理及其物理模型  

Mach′s Principle and Physical Model

作　　者：殷业[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学信息与机电工程学院,上海200234

出　　处：《吉林师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第2期20-24,共5页Journal of Jilin Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：上海师范大学创新性和前瞻性项目(DYL201007);国家自然科学基金项目(60971004)

摘　　要：惯性的起源是物理学中的一个老问题,从牛顿开始到今天一直没有定论.牛顿将惯性看成是物体的一种内秉性质,用惯性质量表示,这种性质是对物体具有反抗运动状态改变能力的度量.马赫在其名著"力学史评"中,重新审视了整个牛顿力学体系,马赫认为,惯性的本质是宇宙中所有其它物体对本地物体引力作用的总效果,也就是物体的惯性起源于物体间的相互作用.本文在考虑了引力的有限传播基础上对马赫原理进行了建模,通过爱因斯坦引力场方程分析了:"惯性的起源"、"惯性力的起源及施加者"、"等效原理与马赫原理的关系"以及"加速空间等效引力场的来源"等问题,得到了一些重要的结论.The origin of inertia is an old issue in physics which still remains inconclusive ever since it was brought up by I.Newton.According to Newton,inertia is the intrinsic characteristic of an object.It can be illustrated by inertial mass which is measureable of a substance′s changeable capacity about its resistance to movement.Ernst Mach re-examined the whole system of Newtonian mechanics in his famous book ′Science of Mechanics′,and stated that inertia is pointless if there is only one object in the universe,the nature of inertia is the total effect of all other objects′ gravitation in universe to a certain object.That is to say,inertia originated from the interaction between objects.This thesis builds a model for Mach′s Principle according to limited speed of objects′ gravitational spread,finds some significant relationship and conclusion by analyzing ″the origin of inertia″,″the origin of inertial force and the force on those who″,″relationship between Principle of Equivalence and Mach′s Principle″ and ＂the origination of accelerating space′s equivalent gravitational field″,etc.

关 键 词：相对论 马赫原理 惯性 惯性起源 等效原理 惯性质量 引力质量 

分 类 号：O412[理学—理论物理]