南极地区海底沉积物中低温菌的鉴定与生长温度特征  

IDENTIFICATIONS AND GROWTH TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS OF PSYCHROTROPHILES FROM ANTARCTIC SEDIMENTS

作　　者：肖昌松[1] 周培瑾[1] 王大珍 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微生物研究所

出　　处：《微生物学报》1990年第4期233-242,共10页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：从南极半岛及舍得兰群岛海底沉积物的13个样品中分离到23株细菌,进行了0、5、10、15、18 20、25℃温度梯度培养试验及耐盐度试验。由生长温度曲线得知,其中15株菌在0℃生长,依据菌株不同,其最适生长温度范围均在5—20℃以内;25℃下生长明显下降(9株)或缓慢下降(6株),属于耐冷菌。经鉴定,假单胞菌11株;弧菌1株;芽孢杆菌2株及黄杆菌1株。这15株菌中2、11(均为假单胞菌)及15(黄杆菌)的最适生长温度均为5℃;且前两株菌对中温较敏感;10(假单胞菌);14(芽孢杆菌)的最适生长温度为10℃。本文还讨论了菌的分布与地区,以及与样点水源和距陆地远近间的相关性。Twenty three strains of bacteria had beenisolated from thirteen samples of Antarcticsediments.Series temperatures of 0,5,10,15,18,20 and 25℃ were examined by a tempera-ture gradient incubator for the optima of thestrains.The results show that fifteen strainsof the isolates grew well under 0 ℃ the op-tima 5—20℃ with different strains,and thegrowth reduced under 25℃ than the optimasharply(nine strains)and slowly(six strains)respectively.Then,all of the fifteen strainsare psychrotrophiles and identified as elevenstrains of Pseudomonas,one strain of Vibrio,two strains of Bacillus and one strain ofFlavobacterium.It is the similar result withthe descripted papers from Tanner and Her-bert etc.It is significant that the optima tempera-ture for growth of the strains 2,11(Pseudo-monas)and 15(Flavobacterium)are 5℃,andthe other two strains 10(Pseudomonas)and14(Bacillus)are 10℃.The distribution of the fifteen strainshas somewhat related to the geography andthe depth of sea as well as the distance fromland of the samples,were discussed too.

关 键 词：南极沉积物 嗜冷菌 耐冷菌 

分 类 号：Q939.1[生物学—微生物学]