明清两代中央政府与蒙古族地区政治互动异同之比较  

The Comparion of Political Interaction between the Ming-Qing Dynasty and Mongolia

作　　者：马啸[1] 张科[2] 

机构地区：[1]陇东学院,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]青海民族大学,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2011年第2期77-83,共7页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：2005年国家社科基金项目《明清中央政府与蒙藏民族地区政治互动策略研究》的阶段性成果之一,批准号:05BZS007

摘　　要：明清两代中央政府与蒙古地区的政治互动从内容到效果虽大异其趣,但治蒙方略却异中有同,相同点是:都极其重视蒙古问题、推行恩威兼施方针、注意吸纳历代治蒙经验、施行分治之策。不同点是:清代突破了明之华夷观,形成了新的"中国观";发展了明朝"以神道设教"的理念,形成了"以黄教安众蒙古"的思想;创造性地运用满蒙联姻、满蒙联盟等互动形式,发展并巩固了与蒙古的政治统合关系,使漠北蒙古成为清朝的边疆屏藩,困扰中国历史若干世纪的蒙古问题就此迎刃而解。明清解决蒙古问题的政策体系与政治体制的成败得失,值得深入总结,以为解决至今犹存的民族问题,提供重要的历史启示与鉴借。Although the political interation from content to effect is very different between Ming-Qing Dynasty and Mongolia, the strategy of managing Mongolia have a lot in common.The similarities are as follow, the Ming and Qing Dynasty both pay much attention to the issue of Mongolia and apply political strategies which are benefical and have threats to the Mongolia. The two Dynasty absorded the experience of the previous putting down the Mongolians and introduce rein by division. On the other hand, there are many differences in dealing with the Mongolians. The Qing Dynasty promote the Ming＇ opinion of the Chinese minority , come up with a new ＂China Idea＂ , develop the Ming＇ idea of ＂Educate by Mythology＂ and come to the conclusion that the Huang Religion can keep the Mongolia at peace. At the same time ,the Qing Dynasty creatively apply the plan of marriage and league between Manchus and Mongolians. They develop and strengthen the relation with the Mongolia , making the Mobei Mongolia become a barrier. Till then , the issue which puzzled Chinese history for centuries had been solved. The success and failure of Ming-Qing Dynasty dealing with the Mongolians deserve us to summarize. In order that we will have a mirror to look into the current nationality problems.

关 键 词：明清时期 治理蒙区 政治互动 异同 

分 类 号：D691.72[政治法律—政治学]