模拟急进高原环境下小型猪创伤性脑出血模型的建立  

A model of traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in miniature pigs exposed to simulated high altitude

作　　者：朱海涛[1] 张礼均[1] 李飞[1] 邹明明[1] 袁轶恺[1] 薛兴森[1] 李兰[1] 冯华[1] 朱刚[1] 林江凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学西南医院神经外科,全军神经系统疾病微创诊治专科中心,重庆400038

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2011年第9期869-873,共5页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：全军医学科学技术“十一五”计划科技攻关课题(08G087)~~

摘　　要：目的建立模拟急进高原环境下的实验用小型猪创伤性脑出血的动物模型。方法按随机数字表法将29只小型猪分为高原注血组(n=11)、高原假手术组(n=4)、平原注血组(n=11)和平原假手术组(n=3)。用动物低压氧舱模拟高原环境,采用二次法缓慢注射3 ml自体动脉血于右侧基底节区建立脑出血模型,立即行头颅CT扫描,分别于注血后各时相点(2、24、72、168 h)连续监测动脉血血气、动物行为学,168 h后行脑组织大体切片并计算血肿体积,行HE、Nissl染色,了解模型建立的稳定性及可重复性。结果 CT扫描、脑组织大体切片均显示脑内血肿形成,168 h后血肿体积明显减小(P<0.01),但高、平原两组血肿体积差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。致伤后,在各时相点,高原注血组神经功能得分均大于平原注血组(P<0.01),且平、高原两注血组的主要血气参数值差异也均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。高原组的神经元细胞核、尼氏体的损伤及缺血改变重于平原组。结论本实验制备的高原创伤性脑出血模型能产生稳定的的血肿体积、明显的神经功能缺损,可操作性强、可重复性好。Objective To establish a model of traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage（tICH） in miniature pigs exposed to simulated high altitude.Methods Twenty-nine miniature pigs were randomly assigned to 4 groups,high altitude tICH group（n=11）,plain tICH group（n=11）,high altitude sham operation group（n=4）,plain sham operation group（n=3）.After healthy miniature pigs were raised in hypobaric chamber simulating 4 000 meter high altitude for 3 d,they were inflicted with a slow injection of 3 ml fresh autologous arterial blood into the right basal ganglia to mimic tICH.The minipigs who received same blood injection under normal plain condition served as control.CT scanning was carried out in 2 h before and immediately after tICH induction,then the cerebral samples were taken out in 168 h after tICH induction,and the hematoma volume was calculated by stereological method.Arterial blood gas were monitored in 2 h before and in 2,24,72 and 168 h after tICH induction.Animal behaviors were evaluated with Purdy neurological function assessment in 2 h before and in 24,72 and 168 h after tICH induction.Morphological changes of brain tissues were examined by HE and Nissl stainings.Results Hematoma in the basal ganglia was successfully induced,and the volume of hematoma was distinctly diminished in 168 h（P0.01）.But there was no significant difference in the volume between high altitude tICH group and plain tICH group（P0.05）.In 24,72 and 168 h after tICH induction,there were significant differences in blood gas analysis（P0.01） and total neurological scores between high altitude tICH group and plain tICH group（P0.01）.Injuries in neuron nuclei and Nissl bodies around the hematoma were more severe in high altitude tICH group than plain tICH group.Conclusion The model of tICH in miniature pigs exposed to simulated high altitude can produce stable hematoma volume and visible neurological deficits.

关 键 词：高海拔 创伤性脑出血 闭合性颅脑创伤 小型猪 动物模型 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生] R651.15