非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂恒牙发育异常的研究  

Dental anomalies in Chinese children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate

作　　者：范新新[1] 李静[1] 葛立宏[1] 马莲[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院、口腔医院儿童口腔科, 100081 [2]北京大学口腔医学院、口腔医院口腔颌面外科, 100081

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2011年第5期263-266,共4页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

摘　　要：目的经回顾性研究了解非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂患者恒牙发育异常的情况。方法收集244例植骨期非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂患者的影像学资料，记录和统计分析恒牙发育异常。结果在本研究中各种恒牙异常的发生率为：先天缺失163例（269颗）（163／244，66．8％），最常累及的牙位是上颌侧切牙；畸形牙82例（85颗）（82／244，33．6％），绝大多数为上颌侧切牙的小牙畸形；额外牙12例（12颗）（12／244，4．9％），多发生于裂区，表现为畸形小牙。牙位发育异常的性别比较发现，非裂侧上颌仅侧切牙缺失，男性高于女性（P〈0．05）。裂侧的先天缺牙、额外牙和畸形牙的发生率均高于非裂侧，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），上下颌均有相同发现。结论非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂患者各类牙齿发育异常的患病率均高于健康人群。裂侧的牙齿发育异常较非裂侧更为多见。Objective To investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies in Chinese children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate （UCLP）. Methods Dental histories and radiographs of 244 Chinese children with UCLP were collected. The diagnosis of dental anomalies was based on panoramic radiographs before alveolar bone grafting. All patients were over 8 years old . Results In the UCLP group, 66. 8% of the patients was presented with hypodontia. The maxillary lateral incisors were the most common teeth affected, followed by maxillary second premolars, mandibular incisors and mandibular second premolars. A total of 33.6% the patients was presented with dental malformation, most were microdontic laterel incisors. A total of 4. 9% the patients was presented with hyperdontia. The supernumerary teeth were more frequently found in the cleft region. The prevalence of missing maxillary lateral incisor in the noncleft side was statistically different between genders, which was higher in male （P 〈 0. 050 ）. This group of Chinese children with UCLP demonstrated significantly higher prevalence of hypodontia, hyperdontia, and malformation on the cleft side than on the nonclefl side （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Hypodontia is the most common type of dental anomalies. The prevalence of dental anomalies is higher in the UCLP patients than in the normal population. Dental anomalies occur more frequently on the cleft side than on the noncleft side.

关 键 词：唇裂 腭裂 牙体发育异常 牙缺失 

分 类 号：R782.2[医药卫生—口腔医学]