国内典型大城市快速路交通流实测  

Survey report on urban freeway traffic flow of several typical cities in China

作　　者：吴胜春[1] 郑贤清[1] 郭明旻[1] 吴正[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学力学与工程科学系,上海200433

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2011年第6期791-800,共10页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:10772050)

摘　　要：通过拍摄中国几个典型大城市不同快速路段的交通流录像并进行"车速-车头间距"数据采集,建立了一个包含210920组交通流实测数据的大样本数据库,根据实测数据得到的平均车速随着车头间距的增大而增大,符合交通流的基本特征;从超车道到交换道,一般平均速度依次下降,但在出口匝道影响下会出现"密度倒置"现象,实测数据转换得到"流量-密度"基本图,存在整个密度变化范围里都呈现非线性特征的类型,在小间距数据中,发现存在超过7%的"高速跟驰"车辆.Based on videos of traffic flow at several urban freeway sections of some typical cities in China, a large database which contains 210920 ＂vehicle speed-headway distance＂ data pairs measured from the real traffic flow is obtained. The measured data show consistent with the fundamental nature of traffic flow since their average speeds increase as the headway distances increase. The average speed usually decreases from ultra-lane to exchange-lane, but there exist ＂density inversion＂ cases when the road sections are nearly exits. It is found from the flow-density fundamental diagrams drawn by the measured data that there is a type of basic graph in which nonlinear characteristics show in almost the whole density area. Over 7% ＂high speed car-following＂ vehicles are found in the small headway areas.

关 键 词：城市快速路 交通实测 数据统计 密度倒置 流量-密度基本图 高速跟驰 

分 类 号：U491.112[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]