青海湖西北部土壤入渗规律研究  

Study on the soil infiltration rule in the northwest of Qinghai Lake

作　　者：赵景波[1,2] 陈颖[1] 曹军骥[2] 张冲[1] 胡建[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期90-96,共7页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC30B01)

摘　　要：通过对青海湖地区吉尔孟乡草地进行土壤入渗实验,测定孔隙度与粒度,研究了不同类型草地土壤入渗特征和土壤蓄水性.结果表明:研究区内低草地土壤的稳定入渗率较小,平均为1.5mm/min,高草地土壤的稳定入渗率较大,平均为3.1 mm/min.高草地达到稳定入渗的时间平均为94 min,低草地达到稳定入渗的时间为174 min,前者比后者短80 min左右.霍顿公式对青海湖吉尔孟乡低草地土壤入渗试验数据拟合最为适合,而通用经验公式对高草地土壤入渗试验的数据拟合最为适合.高草根系发育深度大,土质较低草地松软是造成高草地入渗率比低草地大的主要原因.青海湖土壤粒度组成较粗,土层薄是该区土壤稳定入渗率较黄土大和在较短时间内能够达到稳定入渗状态的主要原因.Through the infiltration experiments,porosity determination and grain size analysis of grassland soil in Jiermeng town,Gangcha county of Qinghai Lake,the infiltration and impounding characteristics of different grasslands were analyzed.The results showed that the average steady soil infiltration rate of low grassland and high grassland is 1.5 and 3.1 mm/min,respectively.The time that high grassland and low grassland reaching the steady infiltration rate is 94 and 174 min,and the former reduced 80 min than that of the latter.Horton formula is appropriate for fitting the soil infiltration of low grassland in Jiermeng township of Qinghai Lake,and general empirical formula is suitable for the high grassland.The main reason that cause the high permeability of high grass than that of low grass are the deep grass roots of high grass and its spongy soil.Coarse grain size components and thin soil layer are the main reason that the steady soil infiltration rate of the study area is higher than that of the loessal soil and reaches a steady state infiltration in a shorter time.

关 键 词：土壤入渗率 低草地 高草地 青海湖 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学]