医学生入学和毕业阶段焦虑、抑郁调查结果对比及分析  

Comparison and Analysis about Anxiety and Depression of Medical Students during Entrance and Graduation Stage

作　　者：徐丽梅[1] 乔雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省中国医科大学学生处,沈阳市110001

出　　处：《中国病案》2011年第5期56-57,共2页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的以高等医学院校五年制医学生为对象调查分析同一样本在新生和毕业生两阶段的焦虑、抑郁情况,总结各阶段特点并针对其不同阶段下的转变进行分析,采取相应的教育对策。方法应用分层抽样办法抽取医学院校五年制本科同一年级不同专业的学生,在其大一入学和大五临近毕业时应用Zung焦虑抑郁自评量表(SAS、SDS)进行问卷调查,经spss12.0软件建立数据库进行数据分析,再同得分较高的部分个体进行访谈。结果 2005年、2009年SAS值分别为37.55、37.04,SDS值分别为39.84、40.18,两者比例接近。入学时男、女生SAS值分别为38.42和36.68,没有显著差异;男、女生SDS值分别为41.35和38.33,P<0.05,存在显著差异,高分人数均为23人,占各自总人数的28.5%和17.83%。毕业时男、女生SAS值分别为37.07和37.02,男、女生SDS值分别为40.55和39.90,均没有显著差异,高分人数分别为21和37,占各自总人数的26.58%和34.26%,其中轻度抑郁人数分布女性多于男性,差异显著。结论医学生情绪状态整体水平稳定尚可,少数学生偏离正常。应在不同阶段针对不同性别进行素质教育,开展心理咨询,引导学生建立良好的压力应对机制,为其提供更完善的就业服务体系。Objective Putting five-year system medical students in advance medical college as subject analyze their anxiety and depression during entrance and graduatino stage.To summarize the characteristic of two stages analyze the transformation at different phases,adopting relevant education countermeasures.Methods Students from different major in the same grade in five-year system medical college are selected by stratified sampling.Having a questionnaire by self-rating anxiety/depression scale（SAS,SDS） at their entrance and before graduation analyzes the data through building database by SPSS12.0,interviewing partial person getting higher score.Results SAS in 2005 and 2009 are respectively 37.55 and 37.04;SDS in 2005 and 2009 are respectively 39.84 and 40.18.The proportion of them is close.The SAS of male students and female students are respectively 38.42 and 36.68 at entrance phase.There is no striking difference.The SDS of male and female are respectively 41.35 and 38.33,P0.05,existing obvious difference.Both high score number is 23 people,which takes up 28.5% and 17.83% of total number.At the graduation phase,the SAS of male and female are respectively 37.07 and 37.02.The SDS of male and female are respectively 40.55 and 39.90,having no obvious difference.The high score number are respectively 21 and 37,taking 26.58% and 34.26% of the total number.The number of mild depression of female are higher than male＇s,existing striking difference.Conclusions The whole level of medical student＇s emotion situation is stable,minority of them abnormal.It suggests having quality education for different gender at different phases.Students should get psychological consolation leading them to build a well mechanism facing pressure,providing better perfection employment service system for them.

关 键 词：医学生 入学和毕业阶段 焦虑 抑郁 原因分析 对策 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生]