新型生态浮岛在改善水质中的作用及生物膜载体微生物特征研究  

Role of New Type Floating Island in Improving Effluent Quality and the Characterization of Microbe on Biofilm Carrier

作　　者：马强[1] 高明瑜[1] 谭伟[1] 谢慧君[1] 王文兴[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学环境研究院,济南250100 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第6期1596-1601,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07210-009);山东大学自主创新基金项目(2009TS025);国家自然科学基金项目(21007032)

摘　　要：设计了一种新型生态浮岛(IEFI),并对浮岛生物膜载体上的微生物进行了研究.结果表明,生物膜载体上的微生物对改善水质起到重要的作用,新型生态浮岛对COD、TN、TP的去除效果明显高于普通浮岛(CFI)(p<0.05).COD、TN、TP的最高去除率分别出现在9月、5月和11月.构建了生物膜载体上微生物的克隆文库,结果表明,该生物膜中的微生物群落结构与其他种类生物膜不太相同,其中变形菌门占细菌比例超过了67%,其次是拟杆菌门.在变形菌门中,Beta-变形菌最多,其次是Alpha-变形菌和Delta-变形菌.在Alpha-变形菌中,超过60%为红杆菌属.Beta-变形菌中绝大多数为伯克氏菌门,黄杆菌门占拟杆菌门中的75%.酸杆菌,Delta-变形菌和放线菌的作用尚不清楚,需要进一步研究.硅藻类同样在该生物膜载体上被监测到.A new type of integrated ecological floating island（IEFI） was designed and applied.This study firstly assessed the role of microbe on biofilm carrier.The results showed that the average COD,TN and TP removal efficiencies of IEFI were much higher than those of conventional floating island（CFI）,and that the statistical differences were observed in different pollution category（p0.05）.Influent monthly concentrations of COD,TN and TP of IEFI were lower than those of CFI.The highest removal efficiency was present in September,May and November,respectively.Constructing clone library was used to analyze the microbe on biofilm carrier.The results,which were different with microbial group on other biofilms,indicated that clones affiliated Proteobacteria dominated more than 67% of the total clones,following by Bacteroidetes.Within the Proteobacteria,Beta-Proteobacteria group was the most abundant,following by Alpha-Proteobacteria and Delta-Proteobacteria groups.For Alpha-Proteobacteria,more than 60% of the phylum was related to Rhodobacter.The Beta-Proteobacteria clones were mostly related to Burkholderiale.Flavobacteria dominated 75% of Bacteroidetes group.Functions of Acidobacteria,Delta-Proteobacteria,and Actinobacteria are still unknown and need to be further studied.In addition,Bacillariophyta group were also detected in biofilm carriers.

关 键 词：生态浮岛 生物膜载体 微生物群落 克隆文库 16SrRNA 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52