干式低NO_x燃气轮机燃烧室的燃料/空气预混均匀性问题分析  

Analysis on the Issue of Fuel/Air Premixing Uniformity of the Dry Low NO_x Gas Turbine Combustor

作　　者：冯冲[1] 祁海鹰[1] 谢刚[1] 陈晓丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京市海淀区100084

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2011年第17期9-19,共11页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家863高技术基金项目(2002AA503010/2003372)~~

摘　　要：干式低NOx(dry low NOx,DLN)燃烧技术的关键是在控制燃烧室主燃区总燃料/空气当量比的前提下,实现燃料/空气的均匀预混。国际上先进DLN燃烧室的研发都在预混均匀性问题上花费了很大精力,而我国对此问题的重视程度还不够。因此该文通过总结典型DLN燃烧室燃料/空气的预混方式,归纳出了在燃烧室中实现均匀预混的基本原则和方法。如气体燃料供应要采用将燃料导管伸入空气流道中,并通过小孔提供较多燃料喷射点的方式。燃料导管的位置一般视空气旋流器的位置而定,并应留有足够长的预混段。燃料应按与空气流动垂直的方向喷射,并要有较高的射流动量和适当的穿透深度。进而以此为依据分析了我国首台自主研发的重型燃气轮机R0110的DLN燃烧室在燃料/空气预混均匀性方面存在的问题并指出了改进的方向。The key of the dry low NOx （DLN） combustion technology is to achieve uniform fuel/air premixing under the premise of controlling the overall fuel/air equivalence ratio in the primary combustion zone. International advanced researches and developments of the DLN＇ gas turbine combustor all spent a great effort on the issue of premixing uniformity; however, the emphasis on this issue is still not enough in China. Therefore, this article summed up the basic principles and methods to achieve uniform fuel/air premixing through summarizing the fuel/air premixing modes of typical DLN combustors. For example, gas fuel should be supplied through ducts with a lot of holes inserted into the air flow passage to provide more fuel injection points. The general locations of the fuel ducts are dependent on the position of the air cyclone, and long enough premixing segment should be set. Fuel injections should be perpendicular to the direction of the air flow, and have a high enough jet momentum and appropriate penetration depth. And then, based on the summary, the DLN combustor of R0110, the first self-developed heavy duty gas turbine of China was analyzed on the problem of fuel/air premixing uniformity and the direction of improvement was pointed out.

关 键 词：燃料/空气预混均匀性 干式低NOx燃烧室 NOX减排 燃气轮机 

分 类 号：TK47[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]