氮肥运筹对寒地粳稻氮肥利用率及产量影响的研究  

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Japonica Rice in the Cold Region

作　　者：许晶[1] 赵宏伟[1] 杜晓东[1] 刘海彬 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水稻研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]哈尔滨拓荒农业开发有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《作物杂志》2011年第3期86-90,共5页Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目;"优质超级稻综合生产技术研究与示范"(2007BAD65B01);东北农业大学创新团队项目;"寒地粳稻超高产机理与关键技术"(CXT001);跨越计划项目;"寒地早粳优质品种生产技术集成与产业化示范";省科技攻关计划重大项目;"黑龙江省第一积温带优质水稻精确定量栽培技术模式研究与示范"(GA09B102-1)

摘　　要：以松粳6号和松粳9号为试验材料,在同一施氮水平(纯氮150kg/hm2)下,按基肥、蘖肥、穗肥和粒肥不同施氮比例设计5种氮肥运筹方式,研究氮肥运筹对寒地粳稻氮肥利用率及产量的影响。结果表明,不同的氮肥运筹方式对氮肥利用率影响显著,M2处理(50%N作基施、30%N作分蘖肥、10%N作穗肥、10%N作粒肥)的氮肥吸收利用率显著高于其他处理;施粒肥对氮肥的生理利用率、农学利用率影响显著,均高于未施粒肥处理;两品种M2、M3处理产量较高;氮肥吸收利用率与单位面积穗数、穗粒数以及产量呈显著正相关;农学利用率与产量呈极显著正相关。氮肥的基肥施用比例与产量呈抛物线关系,松粳6号的氮肥基肥比例为45.23%时,可获得理论最高产量,而松粳9号获得理论最高产量的氮肥基肥比例为45.84%。Songjing 6 and songjing 9 were used to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of japonica rice in the cold region,with five treatments of nitrogen application which was based on the different proportion of basal,tillering,panicle and granular fertilizer at the same nitrogen level（fertilizing 150 kg pure nitrogen in each hectare field）.The results showed that nitrogen use efficiency was significantly affected by different nitrogen application.The nitrogen use efficiency of M2 treatment（50% of N as basal,30% of N as tillering,10% of N as panicle and 10% of N as granular） was significantly higher than other treatments.Physiological efficiency and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer were significantly affected by the application of granular and higher than the treatment of no application of granular.The yields with M2 treatment and M3 treatment were the highest.There were significant positive correlations between nitrogen use efficiency and panicles,grain number and yield,and a highly significant positive correlation between agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and yield.The relationship between base fertilizer in proportion of nitrogen and yield was parabolic.When the proportion was 45.23%,Songjing 6 could obtain theoretical maximum yield while for Songjing 9 the proportion was 45.84%.

关 键 词：寒地粳稻 氮肥运筹 氮肥利用率 产量 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]