基于生态足迹法的区域水生态承载力研究——以浙江省湖州市为例  

Evaluation of Water Ecological Carrying Capacity Based on Ecological Footprint Theory: A Case Study of Huzhou

作　　者：刘子刚[1] 郑瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872

出　　处：《资源科学》2011年第6期1083-1088,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项:"太湖流域水生态功能分区与质量目标管理技术示范课题"(编号:2008ZX07526-007);教育部人文社会科学研究项目":中国自然保护区生态补偿机制研究"(编号:09YJCZH117)

摘　　要：本文初步界定了水生态足迹和水生态承载力的内涵,将水生态足迹分为水产品生态足迹、水资源生态足迹与水污染生态足迹,并建立了水生态足迹模型。其中,采用了Wackemagel的水产品生态足迹模型;水资源生态足迹采用了基于水资源消耗量的计算模型;采用零维模型计算污染稀释净化需水量,构建水污染生态足迹模型。最后,以扣除60%生态需水为前提建立了水生态承载力计算模型。以浙江省湖州市为例,模型计算了湖州市2000年-2007年水生态足迹和水生态承载力,结果显示,湖州市2000年-2007年水生态承载力超过水生态足迹,呈现生态盈余,但是水生态承载力波动较大,水生态足迹在不断增大;由于水产品的消费量逐年增大,水产品生态足迹在水生态足迹中所占比例也相应增大。Ecological footprint is widely used in many countries and regions and has become an important method to evaluate ecological carrying capacity. Based on the ecological footprint model, an evaluation model on water ecological carrying capacity was built and was used to assess water ecological carrying capacity in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The concept of water ecological carrying capacity was defined. Water ecological carrying capacity consists of water product footprint, water resource footprint, and water pollution footprint. The original model raised by Wackemagel was used to calculate water product footprint. Water resource footprint was divided into four third level accounts, i.e., agriculture water footprint, industrial water footprint, domestic water footprint, and other water footprint. Besides, based on the ecological footprint model, the zero-dimensional model was used to calculate water demand of pollution dilution and purification and then water pollution footprint was calculated. At last, a water carrying capacity model was built on the basis of 60% of all the water resource being necessary to keep ecology safety. The water ecological carrying capacity and water ecological footprint of Huzhou from 2000 to 2007 were calculated. Results show that the water ecological carrying capacity was more than water ecological footprint, and the water resources in Huzhou indicate ecological surplus, but the water ecological carrying capacity fluctuated and water ecological footprint increased. Considered pollution footprint and product footprint might collapse, water product footprint and resource footprint were combined to calculate total water ecological footprint. Water resource footprint contributed the most to water ecological footprint, but it was decreasing. On the contrary, because of increasing demand of water products, the percentage of water product footprint accounting for total water ecological footprint increased from 13% in 2000 to 21% in 2007. The water ecological carrying capacity fluctuated wi

关 键 词：生态足迹 水生态承载力 水资源生态足迹 水污染生态足迹 湖州市 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]